ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2019
Sex Differences in Effects of Obesity on Reproductive Hormones and Glucose Metabolism in Early Puberty.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Relationship between Fat Mass Percentage and Glucose Metabolism in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Adipose Depot Changes and Associated Metabolic Risk in the Longitudinal Health Influences of Puberty Study.Pediatric obesity · 2026Trial
- Two-Year Treatment With Metformin During Puberty Does Not Preserve β-Cell Function in Youth With Obesity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2021Trial
- The complex interaction between obesity and puberty and its implications for pubertal timing: a review of recent evidence.Endocrine connections · 2026Review
- Moderating effect of selenium intake on the association between obesity and sex hormone levels in children and adolescents: NHANES 2013-2016.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Adrenal androgen mediates the association between obesity and accelerated skeletal maturation in children and adolescents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Evidence for Functional Ovarian Hyperandrogenism in Early Pubertal, but Not Late Pubertal, Girls With Excess Weight.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Metaflammation's Role in Systemic Dysfunction in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Positive Cortisol-Testosterone Hormonal Coupling Among Adolescents in Argentina and Jordan.American journal of biological anthropology · 2025Article
- Enhancing self-care management among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Bile acids: potential links to overweight/obesity and androgen levels in pubertal girls.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of cortisol changes during pubertal development in indigenous Qom girls.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2024Article
- Comprehensive transition of care for polycystic ovary syndrome from adolescence to adulthood.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Review
- Association between serum vitamin A and body mass index in adolescents from NHANES 1999 to 2006.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- High Fat Diet and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Adolescence: An Overview of Nutritional Strategies.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Causal associations of cognition, intelligence, education, health and lifestyle factors with cervical spondylosis: a mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Beyond the Metabolic Syndrome: Non-Obvious Complications of Obesity in Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Endocrinological Involvement in Children and Adolescents Affected by COVID-19: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Combined training in addition to cortisol reduction can improve the mental health of girls with precocious puberty and obesity.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextObesity is known to impact reproductive function in adults, but little is known about its effects on reproductive hormones during puberty.
objectiveTo assess sex differences in effects of obesity on reproductive hormones and their relation to insulin sensitivity and secretion.
designCross-sectional study including anthropometrics, serum and urine reproductive hormone concentrations, and intravenous glucose tolerance testing (IVGTT) to assess acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg), and insulin sensitivity (Si).
settingOutpatient academic clinical research center. PATIENTS: Girls (52%) and boys (48%) who were normal weight (NW; n = 51, BMI-Z score = -0.11 ± 0.77, age = 11.5 ± 1.7 years) and obese (n = 53, BMI-Z score = 2.22 ± 0.33, age = 10.9 ± 1.5 years), Tanner stage 2 to 3.
resultsBoys with obesity had lower total testosterone (P < 0.0001) and higher concentrations of the urinary estradiol metabolite, E1c, (P = 0.046) than boys with NW. Girls with obesity had higher free androgen index (FAI; P = 0.03) than NW girls. Both boys and girls with obesity had lower sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG; P < 0.0001) than NW. AIRg was inversely related to SHBG in boys (R = 0.6, P < 0.0001) and girls (R = 0.53, P = 0.0001). Si correlated with higher SHBG in boys (R2 = 0.67, P < 0.0001) and girls (R = 0.5, P = 0.0003), higher total testosterone for boys (R = 0.39, P = 0.01), and lower FAI for girls (R = -0.2, P = 0.04).
conclusionYouth with obesity have lower SHBG than youth with NW, but obesity has differential effects on reproductive hormones in girls versus boys, which are apparent early in puberty. Ongoing longitudinal studies will evaluate the impact of obesity on reproductive hormones in girls and boys as puberty progresses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.