ArticleSexually transmitted diseases2019
Incidence, Persistence, Clearance, and Correlates of Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection and Anogenital Warts in a Cohort of Men Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa.
Article in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Experience and Pitfalls in Using Glycyrrhizic Acid for Treating Anogenital Warts in an HIV-Infected Patient in Indonesia: A Case Report.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and safety of tuberculin purified protein derivative for the treatment of anogenital warts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus.Dermatology reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Unveiling the Therapeutic Horizon: HPV Vaccines and Their Impact on Cutaneous Diseases-A Comprehensive Review.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma due to human papillomavirus type 11.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2023Article
- Review
- Epidemiology and Burden of Human Papillomavirus and Related Diseases, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Vaccine Evaluation.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
- The relationship between human papillomavirus subtype and persistence or recurrence of condyloma acuminata: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDSReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the incidence; persistence and correlates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and anogenital warts (AGW) among men living with human immunodeficiency virus (MLHIV).
methodsOverall, 304 MLHIV 18 years or older were enrolled and attended follow-up visits at 6, 12, and 18 months. Clinicians examined for AGW, collected blood, and penile swabs for HPV testing (Roche Linear Array) at each visit. Time to AGW incidence or clearance was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Factors associated with persistent HPV infection and AGW clearance were evaluated with generalized estimating equations and Cox regression, respectively.
resultsMean age of participants was 38 years (standard deviation, 8 years); 25% reported more than 1 sexual partner in the past 3 months. Most (65%) participants were on antiretroviral treatment (ART) with a median CD4 count of 445 cells/μL (interquartile range, 328-567). Prevalence of HPV infection and AGW at enrolment were 79% (224 of 283) and 12% (36 of 304), respectively. Two hundred fifty-nine men were followed up for a median (interquartile range) 1.4 years (0.5-1.7 years). Incidence of any-genital HPV infection was 2.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.5-5.5) per 100 person-years. Persistence of any-genital HPV infection was 35% (68 of 192) and was higher among MLHIV with low CD4 count (adjusted odds ratio, 3.54; 95% confidence interval, 2.07-6.05). Incidence of AGW was 1.4 per 100 person-years. Men living with human immunodeficiency virus with high CD4 count were more likely to clear AGW than those with low CD4 count (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.44-9.47). No associations were observed between persistent genital HPV infection, AGW clearance with enrolment ART status or duration.
conclusionsHuman immunodeficiency virus-positive men have a high burden of genital HPV infection and AGW. The ART and HPV vaccine could reduce this burden.
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