ArticleThe Pediatric infectious disease journal2019
Predictors of Perinatal HIV Transmission Among Women Without Prior Antiretroviral Therapy in a Resource-Limited Setting: The Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition Study.
Article in The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of an agricultural intervention on psychosocial health among pregnant and nonpregnant women with HIV in Kenya.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Trial
- Raltegravir versus efavirenz in antiretroviral-naive pregnant women living with HIV (NICHD P1081): an open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial.The lancet. HIV · 2020Trial
- Long-Acting Antiretroviral Therapy for Breastfeeding Women With HIV Experiencing Barriers to Adherence in Zimbabwe: Modeling Clinical Impact and Cost-effectiveness.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Its Determinants: Lessons Learnt from the Test and Treat Strategy at a Regional Hospital in Cameroon.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Predictors of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among HIV-exposed Infants.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2025Article
- Effective early antiretroviral therapy in perinatal-HIV infection reduces subsequent plasma inflammatory profile.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- The challenge of using nanotherapy during pregnancy: Technological aspects and biomedical implications.Placenta · 2020Review
- Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission With In Utero Dolutegravir vs. Efavirenz in Botswana.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Article
- Perinatal Food Insecurity and Postpartum Psychosocial Stress are Positively Associated Among Kenyan Women of Mixed HIV Status.AIDS and behavior · 2020Article
- The updated South African National Guideline for the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of Communicable Infections (2019).Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo investigate potential risk factors for perinatal (intrauterine and intrapartum) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in women unexposed to antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy.
methodsWe compared factors according to perinatal MTCT outcome among 2275 ART-naive (until the onset of labor) HIV-infected women in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study (2004-2010) in Lilongwe, Malawi. Factors included HIV viral load during pregnancy, food security, demographic characteristics, hematologic and blood chemistry measures, medical history and physical factors. Associations with perinatal MTCT and interactions with maternal viral load were assessed using simple and multivariable logistic regression.
resultsThere were 119 (115 intrauterine and 4 intrapartum) cases of perinatal MTCT, only one to a mother with <1000 HIV copies/mL. Maternal viral loads >10,000 copies/mL were common (63.1%). Lower maternal viral load (<1000 copies/mL and 1000.1-10,000 copies/mL) was associated with reduced odds of perinatal MTCT [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 0.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01-0.4 and aOR, 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1-0.4, respectively), compared with maternal viral load >10,000 copies/mL. Low CD4+ T cell count (≤350 cells/μL) was only associated with perinatal MTCT in unadjusted models. Food shortage (aOR, 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.6), sexually transmitted infection (STI) (past year; aOR, 1.9; 95% CI: 1.0-3.7), histories of herpes zoster (aOR, 3.0; 95% CI: 1.6-5.6) and tuberculosis (aOR, 2.5; 95% CI: 1.1-5.7) were associated with increased odds of perinatal MTCT.
conclusionsThese findings confirm that lowering maternal HIV viral load is most important in preventing perinatal MTCT and support efforts to address food shortage, STI and tuberculosis prevention, while informing programs to improve ART coverage in pregnancy.
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