ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2019
Epidemiology of Incarceration: Characterizing Jail Incarceration for Public Health Research.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic on Incarceration Dynamics and Racial Disparities in North Carolina Jails.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Digesting detention: how to document eating patterns in jail.BMC nutrition · 2026Article
- Association Between Criminal Legal System Involvement and HIV Prevention and Care Among Transgender Women of Color: The TURNNT Cohort Study.LGBT health · 2026Article
- State-of-the-Art Review: The Intersection of Infectious Diseases and Carceral Medicine.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Review
- An investigation of drug use among first-time arrestees from 25 county jails across the United States in 2023.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2025Article
- Article
- Developing an ethical framework for the recruitment of people who inject drugs experiencing incarceration in HIV prevention research: a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- A novel use of HIV surveillance and court data to understand and improve care among a population of people with HIV experiencing criminal charges in North Carolina 2017-2020.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Jail Healthcare Staffing in the US Southeast: a Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Article
- Provision of health care services related to substance use disorder in southern U.S. jails.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Nutrition availability for those incarcerated in jail: Implications for mental health.International journal of prisoner health · 2023Article
- The role of detention officers in the provision of jail healthcare in the Southeastern United States.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Changes in sleep quality and housing status among individuals incarcerated in jail.Sleep health · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Mitigation Strategies, Testing, and Cases at 254 Jails in the US Southeast, October 2020 to May 2021.American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Nutritional adequacy of meals and commissary items provided to individuals incarcerated in a southwest, rural county jail in the United States.BMC nutrition · 2022Article
- Barriers and facilitators to attending and being physically active during recreation time among women incarcerated.BMC women's health · 2022Article
- "Everything has changed": detention officer roles and recreation time changes due to COVID-19 policies at a Southwest County Jail.Health & justice · 2022Article
- Childhood Environmental Instability and Social-Emotional Outcomes in Emerging Adults.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2022Article
- Patterns of Physical Activity Among Women Incarcerated in Jail.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2022Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Individuals Incarcerated in an Arizona County Jail.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEach year, 9 million individuals cycle in and out of jails. The under-characterization of incarceration as an exposure poses substantial challenges to understanding how varying levels of exposure to jail may affect health. Thus, we characterized levels of jail incarceration including recidivism, number of incarcerations, total and average number of days incarcerated, and time to reincarceration.
methodsWe created a cohort of 75,203 individuals incarcerated at the Coconino County Detention Facility in Flagstaff, Arizona, from 2001 to 2018 from jail intake and release records.
resultsThe median number of incarcerations during the study period was one (interquartile range [IQR] = 1-2). Forty percent of individuals had >1 incarceration. The median length of stay for first observed incarcerations was 1 day (IQR = 0-5). The median total days incarcerated was 3 (IQR = 1-23). Average length of stay increased by number of incarcerations. By 18 months, 27% of our sample had been reincarcerated.
conclusionCharacteristics of jail incarceration have been largely left out of public health research. A better understanding of jail incarcerations can help design analyses to assess health outcomes of individuals incarcerated in jail. Our study is an early step in shaping an understanding of jail incarceration as an exposure for future epidemiologic research. See video abstract at, http://links.lww.com/EDE/B536.
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