ReviewLancet (London, England)2019
Perioperative opioid analgesia-when is enough too much? A review of opioid-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 6 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 261 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Continuous Intraoperative Administration of Esmolol on Nociception Level-guided Control of Nociception. The EsmoNOL Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Blocks, Combined with General Anesthesia, in Postoperative Pain Levels and Phantom Limb Pain Development in Patients Undergoing Lower Limb Amputation
A Pilot Study of the Feasibility of Preoperative Opioid Tapering Before Spine Surgery Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Measuring Postoperative Outcomes
Impact of Transnasal Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block on Pain Relief and Recovery Following Tonsillectomy
Opioid Tapering After Hospital Discharge: Testing an Intervention to Improve Post-operative
Comparaison Entre anesthésie Avec épargne Morphinique guidée Par l'Index CARDEAN® et anesthésie Sans Morphinique au Cours Des Arthroplasties Totales de Hanche : étude randomisée
Who cites it
261 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 531 citations in OpenAlex.
- Topical local anesthetics for pain control at split-thickness skin graft donor sites in burn patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of ketamine in total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of acupoint stimulation for postoperative analgesia after Cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of systemic steroids administration in the clinical outcome of total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Pain Control for Sickle Cell Crisis, a Novel Approach? A Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of rhomboid intercostal block for analgesia in breast surgery and thoracoscopic surgery: a meta-analysis.BMC anesthesiology · 2022Pooled it
- Oliceridine used for patient-controlled analgesia on postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological tumour resection: a randomized clinical trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Trial
- Nociception-guided opioid administration within multimodal analgesia for laparoscopic endometriosis surgery: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of clinical monitoring and computing · 2026Trial
- Esketamine-led opioid-free anaesthesia reduces postoperative pulmonary complications in bariatric surgery patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Comparison of End-tidal Sevoflurane Concentration Required for Optimal Depth of Anesthesia during Opioid-free General Anesthesia Using Intravenous Lignocaine versus Morphine.Annals of African medicine · 2026Trial
- The Effect of Intraoperative Infusion of Different Doses of Esketamine on the Quality of Recovery in Elderly Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroplasty.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Analgesia After Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Lobectomy Surgery.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Trial
- Opioid-free anesthesia with quadratus lumborum block and Esketamine enhances postoperative recovery in laparoscopic colon cancer surgery: A randomized controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of opioid sparing strategies on postoperative pain and perioperative hemodynamics in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled study.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of esketamine for emergency endotracheal intubation in ICU patients: a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Opioid-Free Anesthesia with Esketamine Combined with Iliac Fascia Block in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Surgery.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Effect of Different Doses of Esketamine on Postoperative Recovery in Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery, a Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Center Clinical Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Effect of Opioid-Free Anesthesia on the Quality of Early Recovery After Total Hip Arthroplasty in Elderly Patients (Aged 65-80 Years) as Assessed by the QoR-15 Score: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
201 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Opioids are a mainstay of acute pain management but can have many adverse effects, contributing to problematic long-term use. Opioid tolerance (increased dose needed for analgesia) and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (paradoxical increase in pain with opioid administration) can contribute to both poorly controlled pain and dose escalation. Hyperalgesia is particularly problematic as further opioid prescribing is largely futile. The mechanisms of opioid tolerance and hyperalgesia are complex, involving μ opioid receptor signalling pathways that offer opportunities for novel analgesic alternatives. The intracellular scaffold protein β-arrestin-2 is implicated in tolerance, hyperalgesia, and other opioid side-effects. Development of agonists biased against recruitment of β-arrestin-2 could provide analgesic efficacy with fewer side-effects. Alternative approaches include inhibition of peripheral μ opioid receptors and blockade of downstream signalling mechanisms, such as the non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src or N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Furthermore, it is prudent to use multimodal analgesic regimens to reduce reliance on opioids during the perioperative period. In the third paper in this Series we focus on clinical and mechanism-based understanding of tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia, and discuss current and future strategies for pain management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.