Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30983496›Full record

ArticleMolecular pain

Electroacupuncture downregulates P2X3 receptor expression in dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerve-ligated rat.

Yi Liang, Yanping Gu, Renyi Shi, Guangwen Li, Yong Chen, Li-Yen Mae Huang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular pain. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Yi Liang1 Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Yanping Gu2 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Renyi Shi1 Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Neurology of Zhejiang Province, Department of Neurobiology and Acupuncture Research, The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Guangwen Li2 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Yong Chen2 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Li-Yen Mae Huang2 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0225-2810
The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston · USThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University · CN

Funding

NEURON-GLIA INTERACTIONS IN TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA AS A BASIS FOR FUTURE THERAPYR01DE017813 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON · PI HUANG, LI-YEN M · 2006 to 2017
$3.9M
TRIGEMINAL NEURONS--SUSTAINED RESPONSE TO OPOIDSR01NS030045 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL BR GALVESTON · PI HUANG, LI-YEN M · 1993 to 2014
$3.7M
NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE017813NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS030045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electroacupuncture has been shown to effectively reduce chronic pain in patients with nerve injury. The underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Accumulated evidence suggests that purinergic P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) in dorsal root ganglion neurons play a major role in mediating chronic pain associated with nerve injury. The aim of this study is to determine if electroacupuncture stimulation alters P2X3R activity in dorsal root ganglia to produce analgesia under neuropathic pain condition. Peripheral neuropathy was produced by ligation of the left lumbar 5 (L5) spinal nerve in rats. Low-frequency (2 Hz) electrical stimulation was applied to ipsilateral ST36 and BL60 acupoints in rats. The P2X3R agonist (α,β-meATP)-induced flinch responses were reduced after electroacupuncture treatment. Western analyses showed that P2X3R expression was upregulated in nerve-uninjured lumbar 4 (L4) dorsal root ganglion neurons ipsilateral to the spinal nerve ligation. Electroacupuncture-stimulation reversed the upregulation. In nerve-injured L5 dorsal root ganglia, P2X3R expression was substantially reduced. Electroacupuncture had no effect on the reduction. We also determined the injury state of P2X3R expressing dorsal root ganglion neurons using the neuronal injury marker, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3). Immunohistochemical assay showed that in L4 dorsal root ganglia, almost all P2X3Rs were expressed in uninjured (ATF3-) neurons. Spinal nerve ligation increased the expression of P2X3Rs. Electroacupuncture reduced the increase in P2X3R expression without affecting the percentage of ATF + neurons. In ipsilateral L5 dorsal root ganglion neurons, spinal nerve ligation reduced the percentage of P2X3R + neurons and markedly increased the percentage of ATF3 + cells. Almost all of P2X3Rs were expressed in damaged (ATF3+) neurons. Electroacupuncture had no effect on spinal nerve ligation-induced changes in the percentage of P2X3R or percentage of ATF3 + cells in L5 dorsal root ganglia. These observations led us to conclude that electroacupuncture effectively reduces injury-induced chronic pain by selectively reducing the expression of P2X3Rs in nerve-uninjured L4 dorsal root ganglion neurons.

Indexed as

Down-RegulationElectroacupunctureActivating Transcription Factor 3Adenosine TriphosphateAnimalsGanglia, SpinalHyperalgesiaLigationLumbar VertebraeMaleNeuronsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Purinergic P2X3Spinal NervesActivating Transcription Factor 3Adenosine Triphosphatealpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphateReceptors, Purinergic P2X3activating transcription factor 3dorsal root ganglionElectroacupunctureP2X3Rspinal nerve ligation

Identifiers

PMID30983496
PMCPMC6537063
OpenAlexW2938868673

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.