ArticleBehavioural brain research2019
Sex differences in fear regulation and reward-seeking behaviors in a fear-safety-reward discrimination task.
Article in Behavioural brain research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Fear Learning in Isolation: Integration of Social Dimensions into Aversive Learning.Current protocols · 2026Review
- Basolateral amygdala dopamine transmits emotional salience.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Rats use darting as a strategy to navigate between reward and safety during platform-mediated active avoidance under different social contexts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Second-order conditioning of safety in male and female rats.Behavioural brain research · 2026Article
- A novel role for the infralimbic cortex in conditioned fear responding.Oxford open neuroscience · 2026Article
- Female rats adopt a safety-first strategy in a high-conflict platform mediated avoidance task.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- PMAT enhances sexual dimorphism of fear behaviors and facilitates female mice's generalized contextual fear extinction.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Darting during platform-mediated avoidance in male and female rats is spatially organized between reward and safety locations.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Sex-specific exploration accounts for differences in valence learning in male and female mice.eLife · 2025Article
- Safety learning during adolescence facilitates fear regulation in adult mice.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2025Article
- PTSD symptoms moderate predictors of psychophysiological arousal during fear inhibition: Evidence from a fear, reward, and neutral discrimination task.Journal of affective disorders · 2025Article
- Data-Driven Analysis Identifies Novel Modulation of Social Behavior in Female Mice Witnessing Chronic Social Defeat Stress.Biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Age and sex independently influence safety learning in mice.Behavioural brain research · 2025Article
- Assessing the role of BNST GABA neurons in backward conditioned suppression.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2025Article
- Environmental Enrichment Has Age- and Sex-Specific Effects on Fear Regulation in Mice.Developmental psychobiology · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent effects of early life sensory overstimulation on later life behavioral function in rats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Behavioral and neural correlates of diverse conditioned fear responses in male and female rats.Neurobiology of stress · 2024Article
- Sex-biased neural encoding of threat discrimination in nucleus accumbens afferents drives suppression of reward behavior.Nature neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex differences in neural representations of social and nonsocial reward in the medial prefrontal cortex.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Behavioral outputs and overlapping circuits between conditional fear and active avoidance.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Reward availability and the potential for danger or safety potently regulate emotion. Despite women being more likely than men to develop emotion dysregulation disorders, there are comparatively few studies investigating fear, safety and reward regulation in females. Here, we show that female Long Evans rats did not suppress conditioned freezing in the presence of a safety cue, nor did they extinguish their freezing response, whereas males did both. Females were also more reward responsive during the reward cue until the first footshock exposure, at which point there were no sex differences in reward seeking to the reward cue. Darting analyses suggest females were able to regulate this behavior in response to the safety cue, suggesting they were able to discriminate between fear and safety cues but did not demonstrate this with conditioned suppression of freezing behavior. However, levels of darting in this study were too low to make any definitive conclusions. In summary, females showed a significantly different behavioral profile than males in a task that tested the ability to discriminate among fear, safety and reward cues. This paradigm offers a great opportunity to test for mechanisms that are generating these behavioral sex differences in learned safety and reward seeking.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.