Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30978193›Full record

ArticlePloS one2019

The inflammatory potential of diet in determining cancer risk; A prospective investigation of two dietary pattern scores.

Stina Bodén, Robin Myte, Maria Wennberg, Sophia Harlid, Ingegerd Johansson, Nitin Shivappa, James R Hébert, Bethany Van Guelpen, Lena Maria Nilsson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed, 12 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  4. Association between priori and posteriori dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025
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  9. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Stina BodénDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8958-975X
Robin MyteDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Maria WennbergDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Sophia HarlidDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Ingegerd JohanssonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Nitin ShivappaCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America.
James R HébertCancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America.
Bethany Van GuelpenDepartment of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Lena Maria NilssonDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health/Nutritional Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeInflammation-related mechanisms may contribute to the link between diet and cancer. We sought to investigate the inflammatory impact of diet on cancer risk using the Dietary inflammatory index (DII) and an adapted Mediterranean diet score (MDS).

methodsThis population-based, prospective cohort study used self-reported dietary data from the Västerbotten Intervention Programme, including 100,881 participants, of whom 35,393 had repeated measures. Associations between dietary patterns and cancer risk were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also used restricted cubic splines to test for potential non-linear associations.

resultsA total of 9,250 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during a median follow-up of 15 years. The two dietary patterns were moderately correlated to each other and had similar associations with cancer risk, predominantly lung cancer in men (DII per tertile decrease: Hazard ratio (HR) 0.81 (0.66-0.99), MDS per tertile increase: HR 0.86 (0.72-1.03)), and gastric cancer in men (DII: 0.73 (0.53-0.99), MDS: 0.73 (0.56-0.96)). Associations were, in general, found to be linear. We found no longitudinal association between 10-year change in diet and cancer risk.

conclusionWe confirm small, but consistent and statistically significant associations between a more anti-inflammatory or healthier diet and reduced risk of cancer, including a lower risk of lung and gastric cancer in men. The dietary indexes produced similar associations with respect to the risk of cancer.

Indexed as

Diet, MediterraneanAdultBody Mass IndexDietDiet, HealthyFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInflammationLung NeoplasmsMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsNonlinear DynamicsProportional Hazards ModelsProspective Studies

Identifiers

PMID30978193
PMCPMC6461253

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.