ArticleJournal of ginseng research2019
Gintonin-mediated release of astrocytic vascular endothelial growth factor protects cortical astrocytes from hypoxia-induced cell damages.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neo-gintonin: production of high concentrations of lysophosphatidic acids from Korean Red ginseng marc.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Targeting glial cells: Unveiling the neuroprotective mechanisms of Ginseng in the brain microenvironment.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Effects of Gintonin-enriched fraction on the gene expression of six lysophosphatidic receptor subtypes.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Gintonin regulates inflammation in human IL-1β-stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes and carrageenan/kaolin-induced arthritis in rats through LPAR2.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Effects of gintonin-enriched fraction on hippocampal gene expressions.Integrative medicine research · 2021Article
- Ginseng gintonin attenuates the disruptions of brain microvascular permeability and microvascular endothelium junctional proteins in an APPswe/PSEN-1 double-transgenic mouse model of Αlzheimer's disease.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Gintonin facilitates brain delivery of donepezil, a therapeutic drug for Alzheimer disease, through lysophosphatidic acid 1/3 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Ginseng gintonin, aging societies, and geriatric brain diseases.Integrative medicine research · 2021Review
- Cognitive improvement effect of gintonin might be associated with blood-brain barrier permeability enhancement: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI pilot study.Translational and clinical pharmacology · 2021Article
- Neuroprotective Potentials of Panax Ginseng Against Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidences.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Ongoing Research on the Role of Gintonin in the Management of Neurodegenerative Disorders.Cells · 2020Review
- Effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction on hair growth: anJournal of ginseng research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGintonin is a ginseng-derived exogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. We previously reported that gintonin stimulates gliotransmitter release in primary cortical astrocytes. Astrocytes play key roles in the functions of neurovascular systems. Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is known to influence the normal growth and maintenance of cranial blood vessels and the nervous system, there is little information about the effect of gintonin on VEGF regulation in primary astrocytes, under normal and hypoxic conditions.
methodsUsing primary cortical astrocytes of mice, the effects of gintonin on the release, expression, and distribution of VEGF were examined. We further investigated whether the gintonin-mediated VEGF release protects astrocytes from hypoxia.
resultsGintonin administration stimulated the release and expression of VEGF from astrocytes in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The gintonin-mediated increase in the release of VEGF was inhibited by the LPA1/3 receptor antagonist, Ki16425; phospholipase C inhibitor, U73122; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor antagonist, 2-APB; and intracellular Ca
conclusionThe present study shows that the gintonin-mediated regulation of VEGF in cortical astrocytes might be neuroprotective against hypoxic insults and could explain the molecular basis of the beneficial effects of ginseng on the central nervous system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.