ArticleJournal of ginseng research2019
Nonsaponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng attenuates cytokine production via inhibition of TLR4 expression.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ginseng nonsaponins: New insights into their pharmacological potentials in inflammasome-driven inflammation and immunopathology.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Review
- Characterization and mechanistic regulation of the Bovine inflammasome.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Amino Sugar-Enriched Fraction of Korean Red Ginseng Extract Induces the Priming Step of NLRP3 Inflammasome.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- JC2-11, a benzylideneacetophenone derivative, attenuates inflammasome activation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- CanJournal of ginseng research · 2022Review
- Korean Red Ginseng, a regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome, in the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of ginseng research · 2022Review
- Ginsenoside Rg2 alleviates myocardial fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway.Pharmaceutical biology · 2021Article
- Article
- NLRP3 Triggers Attenuate Lipocalin-2 Expression Independent with Inflammasome Activation.Cells · 2021Article
- Korean Red Ginseng attenuates ultraviolet-mediated inflammasome activation in keratinocytes.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Article
- Riboflavin, vitamin B2, attenuates NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and non-canonical inflammasomes by the inhibition of caspase-1 activity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Fructose-arginine, a non-saponin molecule of Korean Red Ginseng, attenuates AIM2 inflammasome activation.Journal of ginseng research · 2020Review
- The Role of Adaptogens in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Viral Respiratory Infections.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Gastroprotective effects of the nonsaponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng through cyclooxygenase-1 upregulation.Journal of ginseng research · 2020Article
- Characterization of equine inflammasomes and their regulation.Veterinary research communications · 2020Article
- Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract ofAvicenna journal of phytomedicineArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGinsenosides of Korean Red Ginseng extracts (RGE) and its saponin components suppress secretion of inflammasome-mediating cytokines, whereas the nonsaponin fraction (NS) of RGE oppositely stimulates cytokine secretion. Although direct exposure of NS to macrophages in mice induces cytokine production, oral administration of NS has not been studied in inflammasome-related disease in animal models.
methodsMice were fed RGE or NS for 7 days and then developed peritonitis. Peritoneal cytokines were measured, and peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) were collected to assay expression levels of a set of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytokines in response to NS ingestion. In addition, the role of intestinal bacteria in NS-fed mice was assessed. The effect of preexposure to NS in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) on cytokine production was further confirmed.
resultsNS ingestion attenuated secretion of peritoneal cytokines resulting from peritonitis. In addition, the isolated PECs from NS-fed mice presented lower TLR transcription levels than PECs from control diet-fed mice. BMDMs treated with NS showed downregulation of TLR4 mRNA and protein expression, which was mediated by the TLR4-MyD88-NFκB signal pathway. BMDMs pretreated with NS produced less cytokines in response to TLR4 ligands.
conclusionNS administration directly inhibits TLR4 expression in inflammatory cells such as macrophages, thereby reducing secretion of cytokines during peritonitis.
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