ReviewMucosal immunology2019
Microbes, metabolites, and the gut-lung axis.
Review in Mucosal immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 637 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
637 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 955 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early-Life Gut Microbiota and the Pediatric Gut-Lung Axis: A Systematic Review of Clinical, Preclinical, and Mechanistic Evidence.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Strain-Specific Effects of Early-Life Probiotic Supplementation on Respiratory Infections in Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of IL-4/IL-13 Blockade with Dupilumab on the Microbiome in Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases: A Systematic Review.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of probiotics on COVID-19 prevention and treatment against mild COVID-19 in outpatient care: A systematic review.Nutrition and health · 2026Pooled it
- Global research trends and thematic evolution of respiratory microbiota in COPD: a bibliometric study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of Probiotics Compared With Pharmacological Treatments for Maintenance Therapy for Functional Constipation in Children: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy comparison of four different Chinese herbal mediciness in intervening acute respiratory distress syndrome: a bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Probiotic Supplementation Reduces RRTIs and Enhances Gut Microbial and Immunity in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- A probiotic containing L. plantarum and P. acidilactici strains for treating upper respiratory infection in children aged 6 months to 5 years: a randomized, double-blind trial.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Branched-chain amino acids and gut microbiota: coregulation and impact on neurological function via the gut-brain axis.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Review
- Gut-lung axis and microbiome alterations in mycobacterial infections: from pathogenesis to therapeutic potential.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Article
- Axial Connectivity of the Lung Microbiome: A Review of Interorgan Crosstalk.Comprehensive physiology · 2026Review
- Effects of xanomeline-trospium on the gut-lung microbiota axis and susceptibility to LPS-induced acute lung injury in male and female mice.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Intratumoral microbiota in the growth of CRC and lung cancer: Comprehensive insights from etiology to therapy.iScience · 2026Review
577 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The microbiota plays an essential role in the education, development, and function of the immune system, both locally and systemically. Emerging experimental and epidemiological evidence highlights a crucial cross-talk between the intestinal microbiota and the lungs, termed the 'gut-lung axis'. Changes in the constituents of the gut microbiome, through either diet, disease or medical interventions (such as antibiotics) is linked with altered immune responses and homeostasis in the airways. The importance of the gut-lung axis has become more evident following the identification of several gut microbe-derived components and metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as key mediators for setting the tone of the immune system. Recent studies have supported a role for SCFAs in influencing hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow-a major site of innate and adaptive immune cell development. Here, we review the current understanding of host-microbe cross-talk along the gut-lung axis. We highlight the importance of SCFAs in shaping and promoting bone marrow hematopoiesis to resolve airway inflammation and to support a healthy homeostasis.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.