ArticleCell death & disease2019
Minocycline mitigates the effect of neonatal hypoxic insult on human brain organoids.
Article in Cell death & disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the Cerebral Organoid Landscape: A Systematic Review of Preclinical 3D Models in Neuroscience.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Pooled it
- Hedgehog signaling activation rescues hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in human brain organoids.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Review
- Advances in three-dimensional modeling of ischemic injury.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Targeting glial-orchestrated neuroinflammation in migraine pathophysiology.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Neutrophil-hitchhiking nanoplatform overcomes blood-brain barrier to treat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via ferroptosis inhibition and microglial modulation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Neural Responses to Hypoxic Injury in a Vascularized Cerebral Organoid Model.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Article
- Review
- Neuroprotective Effects of Qi Jing Wan and Its Active Ingredient Diosgenin Against Cognitive Impairment in Plateau Hypoxia.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- A Comprehensive Review on Utilizing Human Brain Organoids to Study Neuroinflammation in Neurological Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Review
- "ArmedFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Single-cell transcriptomics of vascularized human brain organoids decipher lineage-specific stress adaptation in fetal hypoxia-reoxygenation injury.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Article
- The Purinergic P2X7 Receptor as a Target for Adjunctive Treatment for Drug-Refractory Epilepsy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Establishment and Validation of a Model for Fetal Neural Ischemia Using Necrotic Core-Free Human Spinal Cord Organoids.Stem cells translational medicine · 2024Article
- Brain organoids for hypoxic-ischemic studies: from bench to bedside.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Review
- Neural lineage differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells: Advances in disease modeling.World journal of stem cells · 2023Review
- Neural cortical organoids from self-assembling human iPSC as a model to investigate neurotoxicity in brain ischemia.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Stem Cell-Based Organoid Models of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.Biological psychiatry · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic injury (NHI) is a devastating cause of disease that affects >60% of babies born with a very low birth weight, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality, including life-long neurological consequences such as seizures, cerebral palsy, and intellectual disability. Hypoxic injury results in increased neuronal death, which disrupts normal brain development. Although animal model systems have been useful to study the effects of NHI, they do not fully represent the uniqueness and complexities of the human brain. To better understand the effects of hypoxia on human brain development, we have generated a brain organoid protocol and evaluated these cells over the course of 6 months. As anticipated, the expression of a forebrain marker, FOXG1, increased and then remained expressed over time, while there was a transition in the expression of the deep-layer (TBR1) and upper-layer (SATB2) cortical markers. In addition, ventral genes (Eng1 and Nkx2.1) as well as markers of specialized nonneuronal cells (Olig2 and GFAP) also increased at later time points. We next tested the development of our in vitro cerebral organoid model at different oxygen concentrations and found that hypoxia repressed gene markers for forebrain, oligodendrocytes, glial cells, and cortical layers, as well as genes important for the migration of cortical neurons. In contrast, ventral markers were either unaffected or even increased in expression with hypoxic insult. Interestingly, the negative effect of hypoxia on the dorsal brain genes as well as oligodendrocytes, and neuronal progenitors could be mitigated by the use of minocycline, an FDA-approved small molecule. Taken together, we have generated a unique and relevant in vitro human brain model system to study diseases such as NHI as well as their potential treatments. Using this system, we have shown the efficacy of minocycline for human NHI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.