SynthesisBMJ open2019
What factors are associated with resilient outcomes in children exposed to social adversity? A systematic review.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Impact of Positive Childhood Experiences: A Systematic Review Focused on Children and Adolescents.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2026Pooled it
- Urbanisation and mental health in left-behind children: systematic review and meta-analysis using resilience framework.Pediatric research · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Resilience in traumatised youth: qualitative study on therapists' perspectives and practices.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Developmental Care in the Early Years in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients as a Strategy to Mitigate Pediatric Post-Intensive-Care Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of intensive care medicine · 2026Review
- [Family Environmental Unpredictability and Adolescent Physiological and Psychological Health: The Buffering Role of Positive School Climate].Xin li xue bao. Acta psychologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Developing kind emotions in caring environments.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026Review
- Factors associated with better emotional, behavioural and educational outcomes in children with mild intellectual difficulties.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- The costs and benefits of striving: Subclinical cardiovascular disease, depression, and hostility as children navigate adversity.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
- Cumulative Adverse Childhood Experiences and Multiple Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Population-Based Study.Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress · 2026Article
- Giving children a stronger start: Qualitative insights from first Five California's campaign to address adverse childhood experiences and toxic stress.PEC innovation · 2026Article
- Using body mapping to explore perceptions of resilience with 7-12-year-old Muslim children in East London: A qualitative study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Breaking the Cycle: Investigating Family Resilience as a Pathway to Better Adolescent Mental, Emotional, Developmental, and Behavioral Health Outcomes.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- Socioecological Predictors of Child Flourishing and Family Resilience Status Among Children with Adverse Childhood Experiences.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Cognitive Resilience and Vulnerability to Socioeconomic Disadvantage: Predictors Across Individual, Family, School, and Neighborhood Contexts.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Poverty and family adversity trajectories and not in education, employment or training (NEET) status in late adolescence: evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of resilience-based interventions to promote mental well-being among secondary school children: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- The effect of the "exposome" on developmental brain health and cognitive outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Evaluating the role of strengths and protective factors for youth with FASD and criminal legal system involvement: a scoping review.Psychiatry, psychology, and law : an interdisciplinary journal of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Psychiatry, Psychology and Law · 2026Article
- Adolescent Depressive Symptom Trajectories From Before to After the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2025Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesChildren exposed to social adversity-hardship as a result of social circumstances such as poverty or intergenerational trauma-are at increased risk of poor outcomes across the life course. Understanding what promotes resilient outcomes is essential for the development of evidence informed intervention strategies. We conducted a systematic review to identify how child resilience is measured and what factors are associated with resilient outcomes.
designSystematic search conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE and PsychInfo from January 2004 to October 2018 using the keywords 'resilien* and child* in the title or abstract. Eligible studies: (1) described children aged 5-12 years; (2) identified exposure to social adversity; (3) identified resilience; and (4) investigated factors associated with resilience. OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) approaches to identifying resilience and (2) factors associated with resilient outcomes.
resultsFrom 1979 studies retrieved, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were moderate to high quality, with low cultural competency. Social adversity exposures included poverty, parent loss, maltreatment and war. Only two studies used a measure of child resilience; neither was psychometrically validated. Remaining studies classified children as resilient if they showed positive outcomes (eg, mental health or academic achievement) despite adversity. A range of child, family, school and community factors were associated with resilient outcomes, with individual factors most commonly investigated. The best available evidence was for cognitive skills, emotion regulation, relationships with caregivers and academic engagement.
conclusionsWhile there is huge variation in the type and severity of adversity that children experience, there is some evidence that specific individual, relational and school factors are associated with resilient outcomes across a range of contexts. Such factors provide an important starting point for effective public health interventions to promote resilience and to prevent or ameliorate the immediate and long-term impacts of social adversity on children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.