ReviewParasites & vectors2019
Mosquito antiviral defense mechanisms: a delicate balance between innate immunity and persistent viral infection.
Review in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transovarial transmission of mosquito-borne viruses: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Usutu virus promotes West Nile virus replication in Culex pipiens biotype molestus during simultaneous and sequential co-infections.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Reactive oxygen species-producing genes regulate mosquito midgut bacteria colonization, transcriptomic changes and cell repair.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Advancing Malaria Vector Control: Insights Into Mosquito Immunity and Genetic Strategies.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Review
- Intrahost population dynamics of chikungunya virus in humans and naturally infectedVirus evolution · 2026Article
- Article
- Thioester-Containing Protein TEP27 inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Signaling pathway of DNA replication and toll-like receptors was inhibited in C6/36 cells infected with Japanese encephalitis virus.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Persistent viral infections impact key biological traits in Drosophila melanogaster.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of the adultbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Intra-vector infection dynamics challenge how to model the extrinsic incubation period for major arboviruses: dengue, Zika, and chikungunya.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Dynamics of vector competence for dengue virus type 2 in rural and urban populations of Aedes albopictus: implications for infectious disease control.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- Engineered antibody-mediated broad-spectrum suppression of human arboviruses in the Aedes aegypti vector.Communications biology · 2025Article
- A single-cell atlas of the Culex tarsalis midgut during West Nile virus infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Proteomics analysis of soluble secreted proteins ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- A single-cell atlas of thebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Pan-flavivirus analysis reveals sfRNA-independent, 3' UTR-biased siRNA production from an insect-specific flavivirus.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Generating prophylactic immunity against arboviruses in vertebrates and invertebrates.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases are associated with major global health burdens. Aedes spp. and Culex spp. are primarily responsible for the transmission of the most medically important mosquito-borne viruses, including dengue virus, West Nile virus and Zika virus. Despite the burden of these pathogens on human populations, the interactions between viruses and their mosquito hosts remain enigmatic. Viruses enter the midgut of a mosquito following the mosquito's ingestion of a viremic blood meal. During infection, virus recognition by the mosquito host triggers their antiviral defense mechanism. Of these host defenses, activation of the RNAi pathway is the main antiviral mechanism, leading to the degradation of viral RNA, thereby inhibiting viral replication and promoting viral clearance. However, whilst antiviral host defense mechanisms limit viral replication, the mosquito immune system is unable to effectively clear the virus. As such, these viruses can establish persistent infection with little or no fitness cost to the mosquito vector, ensuring life-long transmission to humans. Understanding of the mosquito innate immune response enables the discovery of novel antivectorial strategies to block human transmission. This review provides an updated and concise summary of recent studies on mosquito antiviral immune responses, which is a key determinant for successful virus transmission. In addition, we will also discuss the factors that may contribute to persistent infection in mosquito hosts. Finally, we will discuss current mosquito transmission-blocking strategies that utilize genetically modified mosquitoes and Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes for resistance to pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.