Trial reportJournal of neurotrauma2019
Glasgow Outcome Scale Measures and Impact on Analysis and Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
Trial report in Journal of neurotrauma, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Meta-epidemiologic Analysis of Differences in Treatment-Effect Estimates According to Outcome Scale (GOS vs. GOSE) in Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Trials.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Optimizing endpoints in early phase clinical trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Management and outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury treated in three major Nordic intensive care units: a comparative cohort study.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Fatty Acid-binding Protein 4 Exacerbates Blood-brain Barrier Disruption Through the JNK/c-Jun/MMP12 Pathway After Traumatic Brain Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Sedation for moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury in adults.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Article
- Is artificial intelligence superior to traditional regression methods in predicting prognosis of adult traumatic brain injury?Neurosurgical review · 2025Article
- Article
- Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Postoperative Outcomes in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Development and validation of a prediction nomogram for a 6-month unfavorable prognosis in traumatic brain-injured patients undergoing primary decompressive craniectomy: An observational study.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Transfusion Guidelines in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Currently Available Evidence.Neurotrauma reports · 2022Article
- Clinical efficacy and prognosis of standard large trauma craniotomy for patients with severe frontotemporal craniocerebral injury.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- Decompressive craniectomy can improve the recovery of neurological function, daily living ability and life quality of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after surgery.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Observation on the clinical efficacy of external ventricular drain combined with intraventricular urokinase injection and intravenous piracetam in the treatment of intraventricular hemorrhage.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The original unstructured Glasgow Outcome Scale (uGOS) and the newer structured interviews GOS and the Extended GOS (GOS-E) have been used widely as outcomes in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) trials. We compared outcome categories (ranging from dead [D] to good recovery [GR]) for each measure in a randomized trial of transfusion threshold and the implications of measure choice and analysis methods for the results of the trial. We planned to explore patient symptomology possibly driving any discrepancies between the patient's uGOS and GOS scores. Category correspondence between uGOS and GOS scores occurred in 160 (88.4%) of the 181 analyzed cases. The GOS-E and GOS instruments incorporated more behavioral/cognitive/social and other components, leading to a worse outcome in some cases than for the uGOS. Choice of outcome measure and analysis led to incongruous conclusions. Dichotomizing uGOS into favorable outcome (GR and moderate disability [MD] categories) versus unfavorable (severe disability [SD], vegetative state [VS], and D categories), we observed a significant effect of transfusion threshold (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51,
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