ArticleDevelopment genes and evolution2019
Transcriptome profiling reveals male- and female-specific gene expression pattern and novel gene candidates for the control of sex determination and gonad development in Xenopus laevis.
Article in Development genes and evolution, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Determination in Sponges.Molecular reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Sexually dimorphic gene expression responses of bovine embryos to the maternal microenvironment on day 13 of gestation.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- Pregametogenesis: The Earliest Stages of Gonad and Germline Differentiation in Anuran Amphibians.Biology · 2024Review
- Gene expression of male pathway genes sox9 and amh during early sex differentiation in a reptile departs from the classical amniote model.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Effect of high temperatures on sex ratio and differential expression analysis (RNA-seq) of sex-determining genes inEnvironmental epigenetics · 2023Article
- Dynamic transcriptome analysis reveals the gene network of gonadal development from the early history life stages in dwarf surfclam Mulinia lateralis.Biology of sex differences · 2022Article
- The replaceable master of sex determination: bottom-up hypothesis revisited.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
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- Transcriptomic analysis of gonadal development in parasitic and non-parasitic lampreys (Ichthyomyzon spp.), with a comparison of genomic resources in these non-model species.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- Comparative transcriptome analysis of three gonadal development stages reveals potential genes involved in gametogenesis of the fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa).BMC genomics · 2020Article
- De novo transcriptome assembly from the gonads of a scleractinian coral, Euphyllia ancora: molecular mechanisms underlying scleractinian gametogenesis.BMC genomics · 2020Article
- Molecular and Biological Mechanisms Underlying Gender Differences in COVID-19 Severity and Mortality.Frontiers in immunologyReview
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xenopus laevis is an amphibian (frog) species widely used in developmental biology and genetics. To unravel the molecular machinery regulating sex differentiation of Xenopus gonads, we analyzed for the first time the transcriptome of developing amphibian gonads covering sex determination period. We applied microarray at four developmental stages: (i) NF50 (undifferentiated gonad during sex determination), (ii) NF53 (the onset of sexual differentiation of the gonads), (iii) NF56 (sexual differentiation of the gonads), and (iv) NF62 (developmental progression of differentiated gonads). Our analysis showed that during the NF50, the genetic female (ZW) gonads expressed more sex-specific genes than genetic male (ZZ) gonads, which suggests that a robust genetic program is realized during female sex determination in Xenopus. However, a contrasting expression pattern was observed at later stages (NF56 and NF62), when the ZW gonads expressed less sex-specific genes than ZZ gonads, i.e., more genes may be involved in further development of the male gonads (ZZ). We identified sexual dimorphism in the expression of several functional groups of genes, including signaling factors, proteases, protease inhibitors, transcription factors, extracellular matrix components, extracellular matrix enzymes, cell adhesion molecules, and epithelium-specific intermediate filaments. In addition, our analysis detected a sexually dimorphic expression of many uncharacterized genes of unknown function, which should be studied further to reveal their identity and if/how they regulate gonad development, sex determination, and sexual differentiation. Comparison between genes sex-specifically expressed in developing gonads of Xenopus and available transcriptome data from zebrafish, two reptile species, chicken, and mouse revealed significant differences in the genetic control of sex determination and gonad development. This shows that the genetic control of gonad development is evolutionarily malleable.
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