Trial reportAndrology2019
Combined nestorone-testosterone gel suppresses serum gonadotropins to concentrations associated with effective hormonal contraception in men.
Trial report in Andrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel male contraceptives.Future science OA · 2026Review
- Why male contraception still stalls: translational, social, and ethical gaps.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- [Male contraception-scientific foundations and contemporary progress].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Testosterone replacement therapy and spermatogenesis in reproductive age men.Nature reviews. Urology · 2025Review
- Evaluation of dimethandrolone undecanoate in non-human primates as a candidate for long-acting injectable male contraceptive.Andrology · 2025Article
- Progesterone Receptor Agonist, Nestorone, Exerts Long-Term Neuroprotective Effects Against Permanent Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Adult and Aged Male Rats.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Development of a transdermal gel for reversible male contraception.Contraception · 2025Review
- Male Hormonal Contraception-Current Stage of Knowledge.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Novel Genes of the Male Reproductive System: Potential Roles in Male Reproduction and as Non-hormonal Male Contraceptive Targets.Molecular reproduction and development · 2024Review
- Reversible Contraception in Males: An Obtainable Target?Biology · 2024Review
- Nonhormonal Male Contraceptive Development-Strategies for Progress.Pharmacological reviews · 2023Review
- Novel progestogenic androgens for male contraception: design, synthesis, and activity of C7 α-substituted testosterone†.Biology of reproduction · 2023Article
- Male contraception: narrative review of ongoing research.Basic and clinical andrology · 2023Review
- Review
- On-demand male contraception via acute inhibition of soluble adenylyl cyclase.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Hormonal Male Contraception: Getting to Market.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Contraceptive and Infertility Target DataBase: a contraceptive drug development tool for targeting and analysis of human reproductive specific tissues†.Biology of reproduction · 2021Article
- Emerging approaches to male contraception.Fertility and sterility · 2021Review
- Stopping sperm at the source.Nature · 2020Article
- Male Contraception.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNovel male-based contraceptives are needed to broaden family planning choices. A progestin, Nestorone
objectiveCompare the effectiveness of daily application of a single, combined 8.3 mg Nes-62.5 mg T gel (Nes-T) vs. 62.7 mg T gel to suppress serum FSH and LH concentrations to ≤1.0 IU/L (a threshold associated with suppression of sperm concentrations to ≤1 million and effective contraception) and to compare the pharmacokinetics of serum Nes and T concentrations between the gel groups.
designWe conducted a 28-day, double-blind, controlled trial of 44 healthy men randomized to daily Nes-T or T gel with measurement of hormones at baseline, treatment, and recovery and during 24-h pharmacokinetic studies on days 1 and 28 of treatment.
resultsOf the subjects who met pre-defined inclusion criteria, 84% of the Nes-T group suppressed serum gonadotropin concentrations to ≤1.0 IU/L at days 21-28 vs. 16.7% in the T group (p < 0.001). On day 1, Nes concentrations rose significantly above baseline by 2 h and continued to rise up to 24 h after Nes-T gel application. Nes concentrations were not detectable in the T group. Serum total T concentrations rose and were significantly higher in the T gel group compared to the Nes-T group at 24 h on day 1 and days 11, 14, and 21 (p < 0.01). There were no serious adverse events in either group. About 80% of the subjects reported satisfaction with both gels.
conclusionDaily Nes-T gel effectively and safely suppresses serum gonadotropins and is acceptable to most men. It should be studied further in efficacy trials of hormonal male contraception.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.