ArticleNucleic acids research2019
Modulation of HIV-1 Gag/Gag-Pol frameshifting by tRNA abundance.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synonymous but Not Silent: The Codon Usage Code for Gene Expression and Protein Folding.Annual review of biochemistry · 2021Pooled it
- Recoding by NNature communications · 2026Article
- tRNA modifications in viral replication.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus antagonizes the host restriction factor SHFL to sustain viral programmed ribosomal frameshifting and replication.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Article
- RNA G-quadruplexes promote codon repeat-associated ribosomal frameshifting in human genes.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- An RNA modification prevents extended codon-anticodon interactions from facilitating +1 frameshifting.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The Assembly of HTLV-1-How Does It Differ from HIV-1?Viruses · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- -1 Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in Class 2 umbravirus-like RNAs uses multiple long-distance interactions to shift between active and inactive structures and destabilize the frameshift stimulating element.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Structural and Functional Insights into Viral Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Review
- Altered tRNA dynamics during translocation on slippery mRNA as determinant of spontaneous ribosome frameshifting.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Article
- Tissue-specific regulation of translational readthrough tunes functions of the traffic jam transcription factor.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Specific length and structure rather than high thermodynamic stability enable regulatory mRNA stem-loops to pause translation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Perturbing HIV-1 Ribosomal Frameshifting Frequency Reveals aJournal of virology · 2022Article
- Thinking Outside the Frame: Impacting Genomes Capacity by Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- Coordination of -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting by transcript and nascent chain features revealed by deep mutational scanning.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A hallmark of translation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a -1 programmed ribosome frameshifting event that produces the Gag-Pol fusion polyprotein. The constant Gag to Gag-Pol ratio is essential for the virion structure and infectivity. Here we show that the frameshifting efficiency is modulated by Leu-tRNALeu that reads the UUA codon at the mRNA slippery site. This tRNALeu isoacceptor is particularly rare in human cell lines derived from T-lymphocytes, the cells that are targeted by HIV-1. When UUA decoding is delayed, the frameshifting follows an alternative route, which maintains the Gag to Gag-Pol ratio constant. A second potential slippery site downstream of the first one is normally inefficient but can also support -1-frameshifting when altered by a compensatory resistance mutation in response to current antiviral drug therapy. Together these different regimes allow the virus to maintain a constant -1-frameshifting efficiency to ensure successful virus propagation.
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