Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30968003›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2019

Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Update and Recommendations of the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on Human Milk Fortification.

Sertac Arslanoglu, Clair-Yves Boquien, Caroline King, Delphine Lamireau, Paola Tonetto, Debbie Barnett, Enrico Bertino, Antoni Gaya, Corinna Gebauer, Anne Grovslien and 4 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 146 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
146citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
19.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04294368 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Targeted Fortification of Donor Breast Milk in Preterm Infants

TypeinterventionalSponsorColumbia UniversityRan2020 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsPrematurity, Extreme, Failure to Thrive in Newborn, Growth RetardationArmsSimilac Human Milk Fortifier Extensively Hydrolyzed Protein Concentrated Liquid, Similac Liquid Protein Fortifier, Nestle Microlipid, Medica Nutrition SolCarb, Similac Human Milk Fortifier Extensively Hydrolyzed Protein Concentrated Liquid (Targeted Fortification)
NCT06893939 phase2 / phase3recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Limited Versus Extended Trophic Feeding (LET-FEED) Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of WashingtonRan2025 to 2031Enrolled350ConditionsSepsis, Length of Stay, Mortality, Neurodevelopmental DelayArmsLimited Trophic Feeds (1 day of trophic feeds), Extended Trophic Feeds (3 days of trophics)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

146 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 292 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Growth and human milk intake outcomes from postdischarge feedings among very-low-birth-weight preterm infants: A systematic review.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2026
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86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 12 institutions in 8 countries.

Sertac ArslanogluDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Clair-Yves BoquienPhAN, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Nantes, CRNH-Ouest, Nantes, France.
Caroline KingDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Delphine LamireauLactariums de Bordeaux-Marmande, Pôle Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Paola TonettoNeonatal Unit of Turin University, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Debbie BarnettGreater Glasgow and Clyde Donor Milk Bank, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
Enrico BertinoNeonatal Unit of Turin University, City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Antoni GayaBanc de Teixits, Fundaciò Banc Sang i Teixits de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Corinna GebauerAbteilung Neonatologie Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Leipzig, Germany.
Anne GrovslienNeonatal Unit, Milk Bank, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Guido E MoroAssociazione Italiana Banche del Latte Umano Donato (AIBLUD), Milan, Italy.
Gillian WeaverHearts Milk Bank, Rothamsted Research Institute, Harpenden, United Kingdom.
Aleksandra Maria WesolowskaDepartment of Neonatology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Jean-Charles PicaudCarMeN Unit, INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Pierre Bénite, France.
Karolinska Institutet · SEBanc de Sang i Teixits · ESCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux · FRImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust · GBIstanbul Medeniyet University · TRKlinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin · DELaboratoire CarMeN · FROslo University Hospital · NOPhysioPathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles · FRRothamsted Research · GBRoyal Hospital for Children · GBUniversity of Warsaw · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Evidence indicates that human milk (HM) is the best form of nutrition uniquely suited not only to term but also to preterm infants conferring health benefits in both the short and long-term. However, HM does not provide sufficient nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant when fed at the usual feeding volumes leading to slow growth with the risk of neurocognitive impairment and other poor health outcomes such as retinopathy and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. HM should be supplemented (fortified) with the nutrients in short supply, particularly with protein, calcium, and phosphate to meet the high requirements of this group of babies. In this paper the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA) Working Group on HM Fortification discusses the existing evidence in this field, gives an overview of different fortification approaches and definitions, outlines the gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research. EMBA recognizes that "Standard Fortification," which is currently the most utilized regimen in neonatal intensive care units, still falls short in supplying sufficient protein for some VLBW infants. EMBA encourages the use of "Individualized Fortification" to optimize nutrient intake. "Adjustable Fortification" and "Targeted Fortification" are 2 methods of individualized fortification. The quality and source of human milk fortifiers constitute another important topic. There is work looking at human milk derived fortifiers, but it is still too early to draw precise conclusions about their use. The pros and cons are discussed in this Commentary in addition to the evidence around use of fortifiers post discharge.

Indexed as

adjustable fortificationgrowthhuman milkindividualized fortificationnutritionprematurityprotein

Identifiers

PMID30968003
PMCPMC6439523
OpenAlexW2925195604

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.