ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2019
B cell checkpoints in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation for autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Targeting B-Cell-Activating Factor and Its Receptor in Immune Thrombocytopenia and Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia.American journal of hematology · 2026Review
- Donor-aware integrative single-cell analysis distinguishes consistent memory B-cell programmes from donor-sensitive state boundaries in untreated rheumatoid arthritis.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Antibody-Based Therapeutics in Autoimmune Diseases: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Myasthenia thymus reprograms class-switched B cells into BAFF-dependent survivors.Science advances · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint blockade in cancer: current insights and future horizons.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- B cell receptor signaling in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- BAFF and APRIL signaling in the B-cell lineage: implications for the pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis of the Causal Relationship Between Immune Cell Phenotypes and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- CAR-T cells targeting CD19 for the treatment of ANCA vasculitis.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Challenges and strategies in clinical applications of CAR-T therapy for autoimmune diseases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Allogeneic CAR-T cell therapy in autoimmune diseases.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Myasthenia thymus reprograms class-switched B cells into BAFF-dependent survivors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- [Frontier advances in chimeric antigen receptor T cells and chimeric antigen receptor regulatory T cells therapies for autoimmune diseases].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Review
- Unmet needs in autoimmune liver diseases.Current opinion in immunology · 2025Review
- MBD2 promotes B cell differentiation and BCR signaling in systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating the LEF-1-PTEN-PI3K axis.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Anatomical, subset, and HIV-dependent expression of viral sensors and restriction factors.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Circulating B cells display differential immune regulatory molecule expression in granulomatosis with polyangiitis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- CD226Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B cells have important functions in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In addition to producing autoantibodies, B cells contribute to autoimmunity by serving as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), producing cytokines, and through additional mechanisms. B cell activation and effector functions are regulated by immune checkpoints, including both activating and inhibitory checkpoint receptors that contribute to the regulation of B cell tolerance, activation, antigen presentation, T cell help, class switching, antibody production and cytokine production. The various activating checkpoint receptors include B cell activating receptors that engage with cognate receptors on T cells or other cells, as well as Toll-like receptors that can provide dual stimulation to B cells via co-engagement with the B cell receptor. Furthermore, various inhibitory checkpoint receptors, including B cell inhibitory receptors, have important functions in regulating B cell development, activation and effector functions. Therapeutically targeting B cell checkpoints represents a promising strategy for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.