ArticlePolymers2018
Reconfigurable Shape Memory and Self-Welding Properties of Epoxy Phenolic Novolac/Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Composites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes.
Article in Polymers, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elastomer-Based VitrimersA Review of the Preparation, Characterization, and Applications.ACS omega · 2025Review
- Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Carbon Nanotube Composites.Micromachines · 2024Review
- Development of NIR light-responsive shape memory composites based on bio-benzoxazine/bio-urethane copolymers reinforced with graphene.Nanoscale advances · 2024Article
- Bio-Vitrimers for Sustainable Circular Bio-Economy.Polymers · 2022Review
- Vitrimer-Like Shape Memory Polymers: Characterization and Applications in Reshaping and Manufacturing.Polymers · 2020Article
- Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Bio-Based Benzoxazine/Epoxy Composites with NIR-Laser Stimulated Shape Memory Effects.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Conventional shape memory polymers (SMPs) can memorize their permanent shapes. However, these SMPs cannot reconfigure their original shape to obtain a desirable geometry owing to permanent chemically or physically crosslinked networks. To overcome this limitation, novel SMPs that can be reconfigured via bond exchange reactions (BERs) have been developed. In this study, polymer composites consisting of epoxy phenolic novolac (EPN) and bio-based cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) reinforced by multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were prepared. The obtained composites exhibited shape memory and self-welding properties, and their shapes could be reconfigured via BERs. Their shape memory mechanisms were investigated using variable-temperature Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis. The EPN/CNSL composite containing 0.3 wt % CNTs showed the highest shape fixity and shape recovery ratio. Furthermore, shape memory behavior induced by irradiation of near-infrared (NIR) light was also observed. All samples showed high shape recovery ratios of nearly 100% over five cycles, and increasing the CNT content shortened the recovery time remarkably. The ability of shape reconfiguration and stress relaxation affected the photo-induced shape memory properties of reshaped samples. Additionally, the self-welding properties were also influenced by stress relaxation. The hindrance of stress relaxation caused by the CNTs resulted in a decrease in adhesive fracture energy (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.