ArticleNeuropharmacology2019
Evidence for nonlinear accumulation of the ultrapotent fentanyl analog, carfentanil, after systemic administration to male rats.
Article in Neuropharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carfentanil Depresses Inspiratory Motor Drive.Journal of substance abuse and alcoholism · 2026Article
- Ligand Reorganization for End-Point Binding Free Energy Calculations: Identifying Preferred Poses of Fentanyls in the μ Opioid Receptor.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2025Article
- Sudden Death Induced by Acute Inhalation of Aerosolized Carfentanil.Archives of clinical and biomedical research · 2025Article
- In vivo pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and brain concentration comparison of fentanyl and para-fluorofentanyl in rats.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Subetadex-α-methyl, a Polyanionic Cyclodextrin Scaffold, as a Medical Countermeasure against Fentanyl and Related Opioids.ACS central science · 2024Article
- Review
- Comparison of theThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2024Article
- Review
- An Engineered Human-Antibody Fragment with Fentanyl Pan-Specificity That Reverses Carfentanil-Induced Respiratory Depression.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Comparative neuropharmacology of structurally distinct non-fentanyl opioids that are appearing on recreational drug markets worldwide.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- An Engineered Human-Antibody Fragment with Fentanyl Pan-Specificity that Reverses Carfentanil-Induced Respiratory Depression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Catalytic Antibody Blunts Carfentanil-Induced Respiratory Depression.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2023Article
- Mechanisms of Neurorespiratory Toxicity Induced by Fentanyl Analogs-Lessons from Animal Studies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Efficacy and Selectivity of Monovalent and Bivalent Vaccination Strategies to Protect against Exposure to Carfentanil, Fentanyl, and Their Mixtures in Rats.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cyclopropylfentanyl in male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the novel synthetic opioid, U-47700, in male rats.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- Confronting the opioid crisis with basic research in neuropharmacology.Neuropharmacology · 2020Article
- Assessment of naloxone as a therapeutic for inhaled carfentanil in the ferret.Toxicology reports · 2020Article
- Synthesis and μ-Opioid Activity of the Primary Metabolites of Carfentanil.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The current opioid overdose crisis is being exacerbated by illicitly manufactured fentanyl and its analogs. Carfentanil is a fentanyl analog that is 10,000-times more potent than morphine, but limited information is available about its pharmacology. The present study had two aims: 1) to validate a method for quantifying carfentanil and its metabolite norcarfentanil in small-volume samples, and 2) to use the method for examining pharmacodynamic-pharmacokinetic relationships in rats. The analytical method involved liquid-liquid extraction of plasma samples followed by quantitation of carfentanil and norcarfentanil using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The method was validated following SWGTOX guidelines, and both analytes displayed limits of detection and quantification at 7.5 and 15 pg/mL, respectively. Male Sprague-Dawley rats fitted with jugular catheters and temperature transponders received subcutaneous carfentanil (1, 3 and 10 μg/kg) or saline. Repeated blood specimens were obtained over 8 h, along with pharmacodynamic measures including core temperature and catalepsy scores. Carfentanil produced dose-related hypothermia and catalepsy that lasted up to 8 h. Carfentanil C
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.