ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Differential expression of human tRNA genes drives the abundance of tRNA-derived fragments.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection and sequencing of ApProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Intracellular growth ofeLife · 2026Article
- Genes near tRNAs are enriched in translational machinery.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Dietary effects on cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNA abundance and modification patterns across mouse tissues.Genome research · 2026Article
- Multilevel genomic constraints shape nuclear tRNA gene organization in plants.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Article
- 5'tRNA-derived fragments modulate β-cell homeostasis and islet macrophage activation in type 2 diabetes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genes near tRNAs are enriched in translational machinery.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Regulation of tRNA expression during the social cycle of the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum.BMC molecular and cell biology · 2026Article
- Allelic Variation at tRNA Genes in Three Nematode Species Indicates Mutation Load Despite Strong Purifying Selection.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Decoding human tRNA modifications and crosstalk by enhanced single-read analysis.Genome biology · 2026Article
- High-Throughput Sequencing Decodes tsRNA Landscapes: Insights into Cancer Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Identification of an uncharacterized gene as a mitochondrial methionine tRNA synthetase in Caenorhabditis elegans.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Role of ncRNAs in Neurological Disorders and Cardiovascular Diseases.Experientia supplementum (2012) · 2026Review
- tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) as key non-coding players in the tumor transcriptome of colorectal cancer: introducing a new suspect responsible for the remaining unknowns of tumor pathology.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Biological roles and potential clinical value of tRNA-derived small RNAs in gastrointestinal malignancies.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Inhibition of tRF- 02514 in Extracellular Vesicles Preserves Microglia Pyroptosis and Protects Against Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs): A rising star in liquid biopsy.Genes & diseases · 2025Review
- Liquid biopsy diagnostics for non-small cell lung cancer via elucidation of tRNA signatures.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- tsRNA modifications: An emerging layer of biological regulation in disease.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Emerging roles of transfer RNA fragments in the CNS.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Review
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human genome encodes hundreds of transfer RNA (tRNA) genes but their individual contribution to the tRNA pool is not fully understood. Deep sequencing of tRNA transcripts (tRNA-Seq) can estimate tRNA abundance at single gene resolution, but tRNA structures and posttranscriptional modifications impair these analyses. Here we present a bioinformatics strategy to investigate differential tRNA gene expression and use it to compare tRNA-Seq datasets from cultured human cells and human brain. We find that sequencing caveats affect quantitation of only a subset of human tRNA genes. Unexpectedly, we detect several cases where the differences in tRNA expression among samples do not involve variations at the level of isoacceptor tRNA sets (tRNAs charged with the same amino acid but using different anticodons), but rather among tRNA genes within the same isodecoder set (tRNAs having the same anticodon sequence). Because isodecoder tRNAs are functionally equal in terms of genetic translation, their differential expression may be related to noncanonical tRNA functions. We show that several instances of differential tRNA gene expression result in changes in the abundance of tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) but not of mature tRNAs. Examples of differentially expressed tRFs include PIWI-associated RNAs, tRFs present in tissue samples but not in cells cultured in vitro, and somatic tissue-specific tRFs. Our data support that differential expression of tRNA genes regulate noncanonical tRNA functions performed by tRFs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.