ArticlePolymers2019
Exploring the Critical Factors Limiting Polyaniline Biocompatibility.
Article in Polymers, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanotechnology-Enabled Strategies to Overcome Antibiotic Resistance in Respiratory Infections: Mechanisms, Platforms, and Translational Challenges.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Multifunctional conductive dressings for wound healing support.Chemical science · 2026Review
- Flexible Inkjet-Printed pH Sensors for Application in Organ-on-a-Chip Biomedical Testing.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Robust pH Sensing Using a Graphene Oxide and Covalent Organic Frameworks Composite for Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease Diagnosis.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Engineering functional electroconductive hydrogels for targeted therapy in myocardial infarction repair.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Organic Bioelectronics in Microphysiological Systems: Bridging the Gap Between Biological Systems and Electronic Technologies.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Designing Electrical Stimulation Platforms for Neural Cell Cultivation Using Poly(aniline): Camphorsulfonic Acid.Polymers · 2023Review
- Review
- New approach to prepare cytocompatible 3D scaffolds via the combination of sodium hyaluronate and colloidal particles of conductive polymers.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Engineering Tissues of the Central Nervous System: Interfacing Conductive Biomaterials with Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2022Review
- Starch/Polyaniline Biopolymer Film as Potential Intelligent Food Packaging with Colourimetric Ammonia Sensor.Polymers · 2022Article
- Progress of Polyaniline Glucose Sensors for Diabetes Mellitus Management Utilizing Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Detection.Biosensors · 2022Review
- Polymeric Hydrogels for Controlled Release of Black Tea and Coffee Extracts for Topical Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Synthesis of a Smart Conductive Block Copolymer Responsive to Heat and Near Infrared Light.Polymers · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Today, the application of polyaniline in biomedicine is widely discussed. However, information about impurities released from polyaniline and about the cytotoxicity of its precursors aniline, aniline hydrochloride, and ammonium persulfate are scarce. Therefore, cytotoxicity thresholds for the individual precursors and their combinations were determined (MTT assay) and the type of cell death caused by exposition to the precursors was identified using flow-cytometry. Tests on fibroblasts revealed higher cytotoxicity of ammonium persulfate than aniline hydrochloride. Thanks to the synergic effect, both monomers in combination enhanced their cytotoxicities compared with individual substances. Thereafter, cytotoxicity of polyaniline doped with different acids (sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, and methanesulfonic) was determined and correlated with impurities present in respective sample (HPLC). The lowest cytotoxicity showed polyaniline doped with phosphoric acid (followed by sulfuric, methanesulfonic, and nitric acid). Cytotoxicity of polyaniline was mainly attributed to the presence of residual ammonium persulfate and low-molecular-weight polar substances. This is crucial information with respect to the purification of polyaniline and production of its cytocompatible form.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.