ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2020
Early Clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Associated With Increased Innate Immune Responses.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early mucosal responses following a randomised controlled human inhaled infection with attenuated Mycobacterium bovis BCG.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Monocyte metabolic transcriptional programs associate with resistance to tuberculin skin test/interferon-γ release assay conversion.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Trial
- Analysis of cellular and soluble profiles in QuantiFERON nonconverters, converters, and reverters in the Gambia.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2019Trial
- Route of BCG administration determines success.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Review
- The study of immunological markers in tuberculosis across animal models and its translation to human research.Lab animal · 2026Review
- Persistent viral control status is associated with enhanced innate immune responses in people with HIV-1.iScience · 2026Article
- Integrative profiling of transcriptome and H3K27ac modification reveals changes associated with BCG-induced trained immunity in bovine immune cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A co-evolutionary perspective on humans andeLife · 2026Review
- Trained immunity in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- CD8α marks a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-reactive human NK cell population with high activation potential.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Timing matters in macrophage/CD4+ T cell interactions: an agent-based model comparingmSystems · 2025Article
- Immune correlates of early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among tuberculosis household contacts in Indonesia.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immune Response to TB Antigen Stimulation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from a Cross-Sectional Cytokine Profile Analysis.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Specific CD4Nature immunology · 2024Article
- BCG revaccination in adults enhances pro-inflammatory markers of trained immunity along with anti-inflammatory pathways.iScience · 2023Article
- Key advances in vaccine development for tuberculosis-success and challenges.NPJ vaccines · 2023Review
- Type-I interferons promote innate immune tolerance in macrophages exposed to Mycobacterium ulcerans vesicles.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Clinical manifestations and immune response to tuberculosis.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2023Review
- Antibodies as clinical tools for tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA proportion of tuberculosis (TB) case contacts do not become infected, even when heavily exposed. We studied the innate immune responses of TB case contacts to understand their role in protection against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, termed "early clearance."
methodsIndonesian household contacts of TB cases were tested for interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) conversion between baseline and 14 weeks post recruitment. Blood cell populations and ex vivo innate whole blood cytokine responses were measured at baseline and, in a subgroup, flow cytometry was performed at weeks 2 and 14. Immunological characteristics were measured for early clearers, defined as a persistently negative IGRA at 3 months, and converters, whose IGRA converted from negative to positive.
resultsAmong 1347 case contacts, 317 were early clearers and 116 were converters. Flow cytometry showed a resolving innate cellular response from 2 to 14 weeks in persistently IGRA-negative contacts but not converters. There were no differences in cytokine responses to mycobacterial stimuli, but compared to converters, persistently IGRA-negative contacts produced more proinflammatory cytokines following heterologous stimulation with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
conclusionsEarly clearance of M. tuberculosis is associated with enhanced heterologous innate immune responses similar to those activated during induction of trained immunity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.