ArticlePlacenta2019
Sex modifies placental gene expression in response to metabolic and inflammatory stress.
Article in Placenta, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peroxiredoxins in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Insights from Maternal Under and Overnutrition - A Critical-Interpretative Scoping Review.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Diminished Maternal Tryptophan Leads to Sexually Dimorphic Differences in the Placenta-Brain Axis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Placental mTORC1 Signaling, Amino Acid Transport, and Mitochondrial Respiration at Term.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Placental and juvenile immune responses to maternal immune activation are differentially regulated by sex chromosomes and gonads across gestation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Association of prenatal glycemic marker cumulative exposure with placental DNA methylation change.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Conserved gene expression patterns in the placenta underlie pregnancy complications associated with hypoxia in mice and humans.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Fetal sex-specific differences in the placental transcriptome of gestational diabetes.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- AI-based analysis of fetal growth restriction in a prospective obstetric cohort quantifies compound risks for perinatal morbidity and mortality and identifies previously unrecognized high risk clinical scenarios.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Observational
- Article
- Associations of Placental Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers with Glucolipid Metabolism in Children: A Birth Cohort Study in China.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Obesogenic Diet in Mice Leads to Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Mother in Association with Sex-Specific Changes in Fetal Development, Inflammatory Markers and Placental Transcriptome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- Maternal preconception stress produces sex-specific effects at the maternal:fetal interface to impact offspring development and phenotypic outcomes†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Impact of Co-Occurrence of Obesity and SARS-CoV-2 Infection during Pregnancy on Placental Pathologies and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Placental adaptations supporting fetal growth during normal and adverse gestational environments.Experimental physiology · 2023Review
- The impact of maternal immune activation on embryonic brain development.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Maternal obesity alters the placental transcriptome in a fetal sex-dependent manner.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- IL-6 and IL-8: An Overview of Their Roles in Healthy and Pathological Pregnancies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Maternal and Fetal PI3K-p110α Deficiency Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Conceptus Growth and Placental Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Reserve in Mice.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Maternal immune activation in rats induces dysfunction of placental leucine transport and alters fetal brain growth.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionMetabolic stress (e.g., gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and obesity) and infections are common during pregnancy, impacting fetal development and the health of offspring. Such antenatal stresses can differentially impact male and female offspring. We sought to determine how metabolic stress and maternal immune activation (MIA), either alone or in combination, alters inflammatory gene expression within the placenta and whether the effects exhibited sexual dimorphism.
methodsFemale C57BL/6 J mice were fed a normal diet or a high fat diet for 6 weeks prior to mating, with the latter diet inducing a GDM phenotype during pregnancy. Dams within each diet group at gestational day (GD) 12.5 received either an intraperitoneal injection of the viral mimic, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) or saline. Three hours post injection; placentae were collected and analyzed for changes in the expression of 248 unique immune genes.
resultsPlacental immune gene expression was significantly altered by GDM, MIA and the combination of the two (GDM+MIA). mRNA expression was generally lower in placentae of mice exposed to GDM alone compared with the other experimental groups, while mice exposed to MIA exhibited the highest transcript levels. Notably, fetal/placental sex influenced the responses of many immune genes to both metabolic and inflammatory stress. DISCUSSION: GDM and MIA provoke inflammatory responses within the placenta and such effects exhibit sexual dimorphism. The combination of these stressors impacts the placenta differently than either condition alone. These findings may help explain sexual dimorphism observed in adverse pregnancy outcomes in human offspring exposed to similar stressors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.