ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2019
Impact of Smoking Status on Stroke Recurrence.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of ischaemic cerebrovascular diseases: executive summary and 2023 update.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2023Guideline
- Cumulative risk of stroke recurrence over the last 10 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Pooled it
- Change in Smoking Behavior and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke: Post-Hoc Analysis of the SPS3 Trial.Stroke · 2023Trial
- Association of P2Y12 G52T genetic polymorphism with recurrent thromboembolic events in stroke and myocardial infarction patients on clopidogrel therapy: a prospective observational study.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Article
- National Trends of Vascular Risk Factor Control Among Stroke Survivors in Korea: From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010 to 2021.Journal of Korean medical science · 2025Article
- Do CRP gene variants and smoking elevate recurrent stroke risk in minor ischemic stroke patients?European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- The PLANS model predicts recurrent strokes in patients with minor ischemic strokes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association of the Cumulative Inflammatory Index and Long-Term Mortality in Stroke-Associated Pneumonia.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Risk factors analysis and nomograph model construction of unplanned readmission for ischemic stroke within 31 days in Wenzhou.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- A longitudinal investigation of the determinants of stroke survivors' utilisation of a healthy lifestyle for stroke rehabilitation in Australia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Observational
- Impact of tobacco smoking on disease-specific outcomes in common neurological disorders: A scoping review.Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia · 2024Article
- Updated Perspectives on Lifestyle Interventions as Secondary Stroke Prevention Measures: A Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Potential Protein Signatures for Recurrence Prediction of Ischemic Stroke.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Electronic Cigarette Vape Exposure Exacerbates Post-Ischemic Outcomes in Female but Not in Male Rats.Stroke · 2024Article
- Smokers with Elevated Glycated Albumin Could Not Benefit from Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association between post-stroke smoking and stroke recurrence in first-ever ischemic stroke survivors: based on a 10-year prospective cohort.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Leukoaraiosis as a Promising Biomarker of Stroke Recurrence among Stroke Survivors: A Systematic Review.Neurology international · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background Smoking is a well-established risk factor of stroke and smoking cessation has been recommended for stroke prevention; however, the impact of smoking status on stroke recurrence has not been well studied to date. Methods and Results Patients with first-ever stroke were enrolled and followed in the NSRP (Nanjing Stroke Registry Program). Smoking status was assessed at baseline and reassessed at the first follow-up. The primary end point was defined as fatal or nonfatal recurrent stroke after 3 months of the index stroke. The association between smoking and the risk of stroke recurrence was analyzed with multivariate Cox regression model. At baseline, among 3069 patients included, 1331 (43.4%) were nonsmokers, 263 (8.6%) were former smokers, and 1475 (48.0%) were current smokers. At the first follow-up, 908 (61.6%) patients quit smoking. After a mean follow-up of 2.4±1.2 years, 293 (9.5%) patients had stroke recurrence. With nonsmokers as the reference, the adjusted hazard ratios for stroke recurrence were 1.16 (95% CI , 0.75-1.79) in former smokers, 1.31 (95% CI , 0.99-1.75) in quitters, and 1.93 (95% CI , 1.43-2.61) in persistent smokers. Among persistent smokers, hazard ratios for stroke recurrence ranged from 1.68 (95% CI , 1.14-2.48) in those who smoked 1 to 20 cigarettes daily to 2.72 (95% CI , 1.36-5.43) in those who smoked more than 40 cigarettes daily ( P for trend <0.001). Conclusions After an initial stroke, persistent smoking increases the risk of stroke recurrence. There exists a dose-response relationship between smoking quantity and the risk of stroke recurrence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.