Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30953938›Full record

Observational studyDrug and alcohol dependence2019

Recreational ART use among individuals living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa: Examining longitudinal ART initiation and viral suppression.

Jessica F Magidson, Hari S Iyer, Kristen S Regenauer, David J Grelotti, Janan J Dietrich, Ingrid Courtney, Gugu Tshabalala, Catherine Orrell, Glenda E Gray, David R Bangsberg and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jessica F MagidsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, 4095 Campus Drive, College Park, MD, USA. Electronic address: jmagidso@umd.edu.
Hari S IyerHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: hai161@mail.harvard.edu.
Kristen S RegenauerDepartment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, One Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: kregenauer@mgh.harvard.edu.
David J GrelottiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Electronic address: dgrelotti@ucsd.edu.
Janan J DietrichPerinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: dietrichj@phru.co.za.
Ingrid CourtneyDepartment of Medicine and the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, ZA, South Africa. Electronic address: Ingrid.Courtney@hiv-research.org.za.
Gugu TshabalalaPerinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Electronic address: Tshabalalag@phru.co.za.
Catherine OrrellDepartment of Medicine and the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, ZA, South Africa. Electronic address: catherine.orrell@hiv-research.org.za.
Glenda E GrayPerinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Office of the President, South African Medical Research Council, Western Cape, ZA, South Africa. Electronic address: glenda.gray@mrc.ac.za.
David R BangsbergOregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA. Electronic address: bangsber@ohsu.edu.
Ingrid T KatzDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Global Health, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: Ikatz2@bwh.harvard.edu.

Funding

Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Trial for ART Adherence and Substance Use in HIV Care in South AfricaK23DA041901 · NIDA · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI MAGIDSON, JESSICA F · 2016 to 2020
$1.0M
HIV Treatment Refusal Among Adults Presenting for Testing in Soweto, South AfricaK23MH097667 · NIMH · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI KATZ, INGRID T. · 2012 to 2016
$922k
NIDA NIH HHS K23 DA041901NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH097667
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSouth Africa has the highest number of people living with HIV (PLWH) and one of the largest antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs globally. High rates of substance use comorbidity exist, including speculation of recreational ART use (i.e., mixing ART with other illicit drugs). Recreational ART use may affect viral load among PLWH due to ART nonadherence and/or viral resistance; however, prior quantitative research has not examined rates of recreational ART use, nor associations with HIV treatment outcomes longitudinally.

methodsData were drawn from a prospective, observational cohort study (n = 500) of ART-eligible adults recruited from two HIV voluntary counseling and testing centers in Cape Town, and Johannesburg, South Africa. Multiple logistic regression models assessed recreational ART use as a predictor of ART initiation over six months and viral load suppression over nine months, above and beyond other substance use (binge drinking and illicit drug use).

resultsApproximately 5% (n = 24) reported recreational ART use, which was less frequent in Cape Town compared to Johannesburg (AOR = 0.025; 95%CI: 0.003-0.19; p < 0.001). Recreational ART use was not significantly associated with ART initiation or viral suppression. Other substance use, but not recreational ART use, was significantly associated with lower odds of ART initiation (AOR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.33-0.87; p = .01) and viral suppression (AOR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.25-0.89; p = .02).

conclusionsRecreational ART use was infrequent and not uniquely associated with ART initiation or viral suppression. Findings suggest that comorbid use of other substances is ultimately what may make recreational ART use problematic for ongoing engagement in care and viral suppression.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAnti-Retroviral AgentsCounselingFemaleHIVHIV InfectionsHumansLogistic ModelsLongitudinal StudiesMalePrescription Drug MisuseProspective StudiesSouth AfricaSubstance-Related DisordersViral LoadAnti-Retroviral AgentsAlcohol useDrug useHIV/AIDSRecreational antiretroviral therapy useSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID30953938
PMCPMC6644059

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.