Observational studyAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2019
Tacrolimus troughs and genetic determinants of metabolism in kidney transplant recipients: A comparison of four ancestry groups.
Observational study in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of calcineurin inhibitor therapy in lupus nephritis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Inter-ethnic differences in pharmacokinetics-is there more that unites than divides?Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Once-Daily LCP-Tacrolimus Versus Twice-Daily Immediate-Release Tacrolimus in Adult Hispanic Stable Kidney Transplant Recipients: Sub-Group Analysis from a Phase 3 Trial.Annals of transplantation · 2021Trial
- Introduction to Pharmacogenomics: Role of the Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory in Personalised Medicine-Current Status and Future Prospects.International journal of immunogenetics · 2026Review
- ABCC2 rs2273697 is an independent determinant of tacrolimus intra-patient variability during the first year after kidney transplantation.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2026Article
- Mitigating Risk of Kidney Dysfunction After Heart Transplantation and Therapeutic Approaches.Circulation. Heart failure · 2026Review
- Lower Dose-Normalized Tacrolimus Exposure in CYP3A5*6 vs. *3 Loss-of-Function Allele Carriers: A Longitudinal Retrospective Real-World Study in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Impact ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- A Comparison of Molecular Techniques for Improving the Methodology in the Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Applications of the Cholesterol Metabolite, 4β-Hydroxycholesterol, as a Sensitive Endogenous Biomarker for Hepatic CYP3A Activity Evaluated within a PBPK Framework.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of CYP3A5 genotype-guided tacrolimus dosing in solid organ transplantation using real-world data.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2024Article
- Implementing community-engaged pharmacogenomics in Indigenous communities.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Pharmacogenetics of Calcineurin inhibitors in kidney transplant recipients: the African gap. A narrative review.Pharmacogenomics · 2024Review
- Drug-drug interaction between tacrolimus and caspofungin in Chinese kidney transplant patients with differentTherapeutic advances in drug safety · 2024Article
- The impact of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 genetic variations on tacrolimus treatment of living-donor Egyptian kidney transplanted patients.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2023Article
- Protein Abundance of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes in Human Hepatitis C Livers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Tacrolimus-why pharmacokinetics matter in the clinic.Frontiers in transplantation · 2023Review
- Genotype-guided model significantly improves accuracy of tacrolimus initial dosing after liver transplantation.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tacrolimus trough and dose requirements vary dramatically between individuals of European and African American ancestry. These differences are less well described in other populations. We conducted an observational, prospective, multicenter study from which 2595 kidney transplant recipients of European, African, Native American, and Asian ancestry were studied for tacrolimus trough, doses, and genetic determinants of metabolism. We studied the well-known variants and conducted a CYP3A4/5 gene-wide analysis to identify new variants. Daily doses, and dose-normalized troughs were significantly different between the four groups (P < .001). CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) was associated with higher dose-normalized tacrolimus troughs in all groups but occurred at different allele frequencies and had differing effect sizes. The CYP3A5*6 (rs10264272) and *7 (rs413003343) variants were only present in African Americans. CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) was not found in any of the Asian ancestry samples. We identified seven suggestive variants in the CYP3A4/5 genes associated with dose-normalized troughs in Native Americans (P = 1.1 × 10
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.