Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30953381›Full record

ArticlePsycho-oncology2019

Beliefs that contribute to delays in diagnosis of prostate cancer among Afro-Caribbean men in Trinidad and Tobago.

Michelle King-Okoye, Anne Arber, Sara Faithfull

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psycho-oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Qualitative studies on men with prostate cancer: a systematic meta-synthesis.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Factors affecting the decision to investigate older adults with potential cancer symptoms: a systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. A Scoping Review of Stigma Related to Prostate Cancer in Black Men.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Symptom appraisal and help seeking in males with symptoms of possible prostate cancer: a qualitative study with an ethnically diverse sample in London.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Factors influencing symptom appraisal and help-seeking of older adults with possible cancer: a mixed-methods systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Michelle King-OkoyeFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6925-3538
Anne ArberFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
Sara FaithfullFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
University of Surrey · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of this study was to explore Trinidad and Tobago (TT) men's prediagnosis experiences of prostate cancer (PCa). This study is part of a wider project that examined men and their partners' experiences of routes to diagnosis for PCa in TT.

methodsMen (n = 51) were voluntarily recruited to semi-structured interviews from four centres. Data were analysed following principles of grounded theory.

resultsMajor barriers to medical help seeking were highlighted as lack of knowledge and awareness of the prostate gland and symptoms of PCa, the digital rectal exam (DRE), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), cultural and religious beliefs, and hegemonic masculinity norms and nonreporting of bodily changes to GPs. Fear of DRE, distrust in providers, and misinterpretation of bodily changes as related to ageing and diabetes mellitus also contributed to delays towards seeking medical help. Men's interactions with pharmacists and traditional healers lengthened the time taken to consult with health care providers for prostate concerns.

conclusionsTT men's PCa prediagnosis experiences are important to unearth barriers and facilitators to care along routes to diagnosis for this disease. This can help target specific health promotion strategies to motivate men to seek medical care for symptoms in a timely manner.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBlack PeopleCaribbean RegionEarly Detection of CancerHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedProstatic NeoplasmsTrinidad and TobagoAfro-Caribbean menexperiencesoncologyprediagnosisprostate cancerTrinidad and Tobago

Identifiers

PMID30953381
PMCPMC6617795
OpenAlexW2925998128

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.