Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30951970›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2019

Associations between cortical thickness and reasoning differ by socioeconomic status in development.

Julia A Leonard, Rachel R Romeo, Anne T Park, Megumi E Takada, Sydney T Robinson, Hannah Grotzinger, Briana S Last, Amy S Finn, John D E Gabrieli, Allyson P Mackey

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
5.7field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Socioeconomic Status Disparities in Children's Cognition-Differences in Degree or Kind?Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026
    Pooled it
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  3. Neural correlates of socioeconomic status in early childhood: a systematic review of the literature.Child neuropsychology : a journal on normal and abnormal development in childhood and adolescence · 2021
    Pooled it
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  14. Striatal and Behavioral Responses to Reward Vary by Socioeconomic Status in Adolescents.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
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  19. Socioeconomic Status and Reading Development: Moving from "Deficit" to "Adaptation" in Neurobiological Models of Experience-Dependent Learning.Mind, brain and education : the official journal of the International Mind, Brain, and Education Society · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Julia A LeonardDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St Room 46-4033, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Levin Building 425 S. University Ave, Room 354, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. Electronic address: jlnrd@sas.upenn.edu.
Rachel R RomeoDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St Room 46-4033, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, 260 Longwood Ave, T-MEC 435, Boston, MA, 02155, USA.
Anne T ParkDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Levin Building 425 S. University Ave, Room 354, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Megumi E TakadaDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St Room 46-4033, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Sydney T RobinsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Levin Building 425 S. University Ave, Room 354, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Hannah GrotzingerDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St Room 46-4033, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Briana S LastDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Levin Building 425 S. University Ave, Room 354, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Amy S FinnDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George St, Sidney Smith Hall, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada.
John D E GabrieliDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St Room 46-4033, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Allyson P MackeyDepartment of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Levin Building 425 S. University Ave, Room 354, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
McGovern Institute for Brain Research · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · USHarvard University · USUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN BEHAVIORAL/COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCET32MH017168 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI KABLE, JOSEPH W · 1985 to 2018
$4.2M
Stress effects on childhood brain developmentF32HD079143 · NICHD · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI MACKEY, ALLYSON PATRICIA · 2014 to 2016
$139k
NICHD NIH HHS F32 HD079143NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH017168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although lower socioeconomic status (SES) is generally negatively associated with performance on cognitive assessments, some children from lower-SES backgrounds perform as well as their peers from higher-SES backgrounds. Yet little research has examined whether the neural correlates of individual differences in cognition vary by SES. The current study explored whether relationships between cortical structure and fluid reasoning differ by SES in development. Fluid reasoning, a non-verbal component of IQ, is supported by a distributed frontoparietal network, with evidence for a specific role of rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC). In a sample of 115 4-7-year old children, bilateral thickness of RLPFC differentially related to reasoning by SES: thicker bilateral RLPFC positively correlated with reasoning ability in children from lower-SES backgrounds, but not in children from higher-SES backgrounds. Similar results were found in an independent sample of 59 12-16-year old adolescents. Furthermore, young children from lower-SES backgrounds with strong reasoning skills were the only group to show a positive relationship between RLPFC thickness and age. In sum, we found that relationships between cortical thickness and cognition differ by SES during development.

Indexed as

Social ClassChildChild DevelopmentChild, PreschoolCognitionFemaleHumansMalePrefrontal CortexBrain developmentChild developmentearly childhoodMRIReasoningSocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID30951970
PMCPMC6969225
OpenAlexW2930173979

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.