Trial reportJournal of nephrology2019
Pentoxifylline, progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular mortality: long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Journal of nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06903689 (Exploring the Potential Effect of Pentoxifylline in Mitigating Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring the Potential Effect of Pentoxifylline in Mitigating Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antioxidants for adults with chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Antiplatelet agents for chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Short- and Middle-Term Nephroprotective and Cardioprotective Effects of Pentoxifylline in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Trial
- Renal fibrosis: research progress on mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of pentoxifylline as a renal protector in diabetic kidney disease: a comprehensive review.BMC nephrology · 2025Review
- Assessing the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline in preventing chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and mucositis in breast cancer patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Drug repurposing for glomerular diseases: an underutilized resource.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Novel Therapeutic Approaches in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- An update on renal fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies with a focus on extracellular vesicles.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2023Article
- Review
- TGF-β Inhibitors for Therapeutic Management of Kidney Fibrosis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Targeting the progression of chronic kidney disease.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2020Review
- Synergistic effect of berberine and pentoxifylline in attenuation of acute kidney injury.International journal of critical illness and injury scienceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPentoxifylline could reduce proteinuria and slow renal disease progression. We previously conducted a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial that showed that pentoxifylline decreases inflammatory markers and stabilizes renal function. SETTING AND
participants91 participants (46 in the pentoxifylline group and 45 in the control group) followed up for 7 additional years. STUDY
designPost hoc analysis of a long-term follow-up after completion of the 12-months trial.
interventionPentoxifylline treatment (400 mg/twice a day) or standard treatment. OUTCOME: Renal event (defined as starting dialysis therapy and/or doubling serum creatinine and/or ≥ 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate) and cardiovascular mortality.
resultsDuring follow-up, a renal event was recorded in 24 patients from control group (13 initiated dialysis therapy and serum creatinine doubled in 11) and 11 patients from PTF group (7 initiated dialysis and serum creatinine doubled in 4) (log Rank: 5.822, p = 0.016). The possible protector effect of PTF was more significant in albuminuric patients and was independently of diabetes mellitus presence. Treatment with PTF reduced the renal events by 35% compared to the control group in a Cox model adjusted for diabetes mellitus, albuminuria and basal renal function (HR 0.65 (0.45-0.94), p = 0.022). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly reduced in PTF treatment (2 patients vs. 10 in control group) (log Rank 5.0977, p = 0.024). PTF treatment reduced cardiovascular mortality in 55% adjusted for diabetes mellitus and age (HR 0.45 (0.21-0.98), p = 0.044) (Table 3). LIMITATIONS: Small sample size, single center, not double blind and post hoc follow-up analysis.
conclusionsLong-term treatment with pentoxifylline may slow the rate of progression of kidney disease and reduce cardiovascular risk.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.