SynthesisOccupational and environmental medicine2019
Welding fumes and lung cancer: a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies.
Synthesis in Occupational and environmental medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Welding Fumes Exposure and the Risk of Head and Neck and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.La Medicina del lavoro · 2025Pooled it
- Risk of bladder, kidney and prostate cancer from occupational exposure to welding fumes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Pooled it
- Challenges and recommendations on the conduct of systematic reviews of observational epidemiologic studies in environmental and occupational health.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2021Pooled it
- Welding Fumes, a Risk Factor for Lung Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Welding and brazing fumes and lung cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Biomonitoring of heavy metal exposure and determinants of occupational risk in welders in Arba Minch Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Relationship between Occupation and Lung Cancer Incidence in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Work and health · 2025Article
- Transcriptomics insight into occupational exposure to engineered nanoparticles.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Nrf-2/HO-1 activation protects against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by metal welding fume UFPs in 16HBE cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Evidence of the association between asthma and lung cancer risk from mendelian randomization analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Physical working conditions over time: a repeated cross-sectional study in German employees.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Lung cancer in patients who have never smoked - an emerging disease.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures.GeroScience · 2023Review
- Occupational Etiology of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Research Recommendations for Selected IARC-Classified Agents: Impact and Lessons Learned.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Review
- Lung cancer screening an asbestos exposed population: Existing lung cancer risk criteria are not sufficient.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2023Article
- Effects of Tobacco Smoking on the Survivability of Patients with Multiple Cancers and Single Lung Cancer.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Commentary: Role and communications of cancer hazard determinations.Carcinogenesis · 2022Article
- Construction and Calibration of an Exposure Matrix for the Welding Trades.Annals of work exposures and health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn estimated 110 million workers are exposed to welding fumes worldwide. Welding fumes are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as
objectiveTo conduct a meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies on welding or exposure to welding fumes and risk of lung cancer, accounting for confounding by exposure to asbestos and tobacco smoking.
methodsThe literature was searched comprehensively in PubMed, reference lists of relevant publications and additional databases. Overlapping populations were removed. Meta-relative risks (mRRs) were calculated using random effects models. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot, Eggers's test and Begg's test.
resultsForty-five studies met the inclusion criteria (20 case-control, 25 cohort/nested case-control), which reduced to 37 when overlapping study populations were removed. For 'ever' compared with 'never' being a welder or exposed to welding fumes, mRRs and 95% CIs were 1.29 (1.20 to 1.39; I
conclusionsThese results support the conclusion that exposure to welding fumes increases the risk of lung cancer, regardless of the type of steel welded, the welding method (arc vs gas welding) and independent of exposure to asbestos or tobacco smoking.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.