Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30947334›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2019

A Mixture of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Monoaminergic Drugs Protects the Retina From Light Damage in Diverse Models of Night Blindness.

Henri Leinonen, Elliot H Choi, Anthony Gardella, Vladimir J Kefalov, Krzysztof Palczewski

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. ASIV Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Proximal Tubular Injury by Enhancing Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Mitophagy Through the ADRA1A/AMPK/FOXO3A Pathway.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Light-Activated RPE65 Inhibitors Enable On-Demand Visual Cycle Control.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
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  13. Retinal Toxicity Induced by Chemical Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
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  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Henri LeinonenGavin Herbert Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States.
Elliot H ChoiGavin Herbert Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States.
Anthony GardellaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States.
Vladimir J KefalovDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.
Krzysztof PalczewskiGavin Herbert Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California, United States.
Case Western Reserve University · US

Funding

MEDICAL SCIENTIST TRAINING PROGRAMT32GM007250 · NIGMS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI HUANG, ALEX YEE-CHEN · 1985 to 2023
$33.4M
TISSUE CULTURE AND HYBRIDOMA MODULEP30EY011373 · NEI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI Irina A Pikuleva · 1997 to 2026
$17.7M
Use of systems pharmacology to prevent rod and cone photoreceptor degenerationR24EY027283 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI PALCZEWSKI, KRZYSZTOF · 2017 to 2021
$7.9M
PREDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAM IN MOLECULAR THERAPEUTICST32GM008803 · NIGMS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI MIEYAL, JOHN J, NIEMAN, MARVIN THOMAS · 2001 to 2023
$4.2M
MECHANISMS OF ADAPTATION IN MAMMALIAN CONESR01EY019312 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KEFALOV, VLADIMIR JIVKOV · 2009 to 2017
$3.3M
PIGMENT DEPHOSPHORYLATION IN MAMMALIAN ROD AND CONE PHOTORECEPTORSR01EY025696 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KEFALOV, VLADIMIR JIVKOV · 2016 to 2019
$1.5M
CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS IN MAMMALIAN ROD AND CONE PHOTORECEPTORSR01EY027387 · NEI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CHEN, JEANNIE, KEFALOV, VLADIMIR JIVKOV · 2017 to 2020
$1.4M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY011373NEI NIH HHS R01 EY019312NEI NIH HHS R01 EY025696NEI NIH HHS R01 EY027387NEI NIH HHS R24 EY027283NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007250NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008803
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the extent of light damage in different models of night blindness and apply these paradigms in testing the therapeutic efficacy of combination therapy by drugs acting on the Gi, Gs, and Gq protein-coupled receptors. Methods: Acute bright light exposure was used to test susceptibility to light damage in mice lacking the following crucial phototransduction proteins: rod transducin (GNAT1), cone transducin (GNAT2), visual arrestin 1 (ARR1), and rhodopsin kinase 1 (GRK1). Mice were intraperitoneally injected with either vehicle or drug combination consisting of metoprolol (β1-receptor antagonist), bromocriptine (dopamine family-2 receptor agonist) and tamsulosin (α1-receptor antagonist) before bright light exposure. Light damage was primarily assessed with optical coherence tomography and inspection of cone population in retinal whole mounts. Retinal inflammation was assessed in a subset of experiments using autofluorescence imaging by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and by postmortem inspection of microglia and astrocyte activity. Results: The Gnat1-/- mice showed slightly increased susceptibility to rod light damage, whereas the Gnat2-/- mice were very resistant. The Arr1-/- and Grk1-/- mice were sensitive for both rod and cone light damage and showed robust retinal inflammation 7 days after bright light exposure. Pretreatment with metoprolol + bromocriptine + tamsulosin rescued the retina in all genetic backgrounds, starting at doses of 0.2 mg/kg metoprolol, 0.02 mg/kg bromocriptine, and 0.01 mg/kg tamsulosin in the Gnat1-/- mice. The therapeutic drug doses increased in parallel with light-damage severity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that congenital stationary night blindness and Oguchi disease patients can be at an elevated risk of the toxic effects of bright light. Furthermore, systems pharmacology drug regimens that stimulate Gi signaling and attenuate Gs and Gq signaling present a promising disease-modifying therapy for photoreceptor degenerative diseases.

Indexed as

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor AntagonistsAdrenergic beta-1 Receptor AntagonistsAnimalsArrestinsBromocriptineDisease Models, AnimalG-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1LightMetoprololMiceNight BlindnessTamsulosinTransducinUnited StatesUnited States Food and Drug AdministrationAdrenergic alpha-1 Receptor AntagonistsAdrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonistsarrestin 1 protein, mouseArrestinsBromocriptineG-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1MetoprololTamsulosinTransducin

Identifiers

PMID30947334
PMCPMC6736410
OpenAlexW2925409852

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.