Observational studyMedicine2019
Risk of Parkinson disease in Sjögren syndrome administered ineffective immunosuppressant therapies: A nationwide population-based study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between Parkinson's disease and autoimmune diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Inflammatory rheumatic diseases and the risk of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Risk of dementia or Parkinson's disease in the presence of Sjögren's syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Analytical cohort study on intraoperative hypotension as a risk factor for postoperative acute kidney injury.Bioinformation · 2025Article
- Sjögren's syndrome and Parkinson's Disease: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2024Observational
- Sjögren's syndrome and Parkinson's disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Article
- Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the Concept of Mind-Body Interface.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Lipopolysaccharide mouse models for Parkinson's disease research: a critical appraisal.Neural regeneration research · 2022Review
- Higher risk of Parkinson disease in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- Peripheral innate immune and bacterial signals relate to clinical heterogeneity in Parkinson's disease.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Article
- Parkinson disease and the immune system - associations, mechanisms and therapeutics.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2020Review
- Hyperuricemia might be an early manifestation of undiagnosed adult leukemia in a population-based cohort study.BioMedicine · 2020Article
- Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are at an Increased Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A South Korean Nationwide Population-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To determine the incidence and risk of Parkinson disease (PD) in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) according to a nationwide population-based database.In total, 12,640 patients in the SS cohort and 50,560 in the non-SS cohort were enrolled from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2010. We used the Cox multivariable proportional hazards model to determine the risk factors for PD in the SS cohort.We observed an increased incidence of PD in patients with SS, with a crude hazard ratio (HR) of 1.40 and an adjusted HR (aHR) of 1.23. The cumulative incidence of PD was 1.95% higher in the SS cohort than in the non-SS cohort. The SS cohort had an elevated HR under medication use, namely cevimeline and pilocarpine (crude HR, 1.28), hydroxychloroquine (crude HR, 1.43; aHR, 1.46), and methylprednisolone (crude HR, 2.21; aHR, 1.49). Patients receiving other non-hydroxychloroquine immunosuppressant therapies had a lower risk (aHR, 0.86) of PD. Furthermore, patients with SS aged 20 to 49 years had a 1.93-fold higher risk of PD than did those without SS (aHR, 1.93). The risk of PD was higher (aHR, 2.20) in patients with SS without comorbidities than in those with comorbidities. The aHR of PD significantly increased when the follow-up period exceeded 9 years (aHR, 1.93).We determined an increased risk of PD in patients with SS. Further investigation is warranted to determine the possible underlying mechanisms and the potential role of non-hydroxychloroquine immunosuppressants in ameliorating PD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.