ArticleAIDS (London, England)2019
Intranasal insulin therapy reverses hippocampal dendritic injury and cognitive impairment in a model of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in EcoHIV-infected mice.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-specific gut mycobiome dysbiosis activates macrophage dectin-1 signaling to drive neurobehavioral deficits in EcoHIV-infected mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Inhibiting glycan degradation prevents HIV-induced inflammaging and cognitive impairment.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Inhibiting Glycan Degradation Prevents HIV-Induced Inflammaging and Cognitive Impairment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- EcoHIV Infection Promotes Atherosclerosis Progression in LDLR-Deficient Mice.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Role of Nef in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: Histopathological Alterations and Underlying Mechanisms.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- The Role of Nutrition in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders: Mechanisms, Risks, and Interventions.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Differential effects of fentanyl compared to morphine on neuroinflammatory signaling in the brain in EcoHIV-infected mice.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Liposome-Darunavir Formulation for the Treatment of HIV Neuropathogenesis.ACS applied nano materials · 2025Article
- Nef mediates neuroimmune response, myelin impairment, and neuronal injury in EcoHIV-infected mice.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- EcoHIV Infection of Primary Murine Brain Cell Cultures to Model HIV Replication and Neuropathogenesis.Viruses · 2024Article
- Impaired extinction of cocaine seeking in HIV-infected mice is accompanied by peripheral and central immune dysregulation.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Innate immune responses reverse HIV cognitive disease in mice: Profile by RNAseq in the brain.Virology · 2024Article
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Impaired extinction of cocaine seeking in HIV-infected mice is accompanied by peripheral and central immune dysregulation.Research square · 2023Article
- Mechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Review
- CCL2 is required for initiation but not persistence of HIV infection mediated neurocognitive disease in mice.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Efficacy and safety of lenalidomide in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis patients with persistent intracranial inflammation: an open-label, single-arm, prospective interventional study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Article
- Hot Spots for the Use of Intranasal Insulin: Cerebral Ischemia, Brain Injury, Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine Disorders and Postoperative Delirium.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Rationale and Approach to the Development of Specific Treatments for HIV Associated Neurocognitive Impairment.Microorganisms · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAlmost half of HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy have demonstrable mild neurocognitive impairment (HIV-NCI), even when virologically suppressed. Intranasal insulin therapy improves cognition in Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. Here we tested intranasal insulin therapy in a model of HIV-NCI in EcoHIV-infected conventional mice. DESIGN AND
methodsInsulin pharmacokinetics following intranasal administration to mice was determined by ELISA. Mice were inoculated with EcoHIV to cause NCI; 23 days or 3 months after infection they were treated daily for 9 days with intranasal insulin (2.4 IU/mouse) and examined for NCI in behavioral tests and HIV burdens by quantitative PCR. Some animals were tested for hippocampal neuronal integrity by immunostaining and expression of neuronal function-related genes by real time-quantitative PCR. The effect of insulin treatment discontinuation on cognition and neuropathology was also examined.
resultsIntranasal insulin administration to mice resulted in μIU/ml levels of insulin in cerebrospinal fluid with a half-life of about 2 h, resembling pharmacokinetic parameters of patients receiving 40 IU. Intranasal insulin treatment starting 23 days or 3 months after infection completely reversed NCI in mice. Murine NCI correlated with reductions in hippocampal dendritic arbors and downregulation of neuronal function genes; intranasal insulin reversed these changes coincident with restoration of cognitive acuity, but they returned within 24 h of treatment cessation. Intranasal insulin treatment reduced brain HIV DNA when started 23 but not 90 days after infection.
conclusionOur preclinical studies support the use of intranasal insulin administration for treatment of HIV-NCI and suggest that some dendritic injury in this condition is reversible.
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