ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2020
Association of food groups with depression and anxiety disorders.
Article in European journal of nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The Relationship between Whole-Grain Intake and Measures of Cognitive Decline, Mood, and Anxiety-A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Dietary eating patterns, dairy consumption, and anxiety: A systematic literature review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Association ofPsychological medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Moderate Food Preferences and Depression with Grey Matter as a Potential Mediator: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plant-Based Diet Indices and Depression in University Students: The Nuts4Brain-Z Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Genetic Causal Association Between Vitamin E and Depression: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Dietary Quality in Bipolar Disorder Compared to Unipolar Depression (Current and Remitted) and Healthy Controls: The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety.Bipolar disorders · 2026Article
- Association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and depression and anxiety severity in the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder study population.Public health nutrition · 2026Article
- Psychological health mediates the association between diet and upper gastrointestinal cancer: a cross-sectional analysis from a large-scale population-based screening project.Cancer biology & medicine · 2026Article
- Association of dietary patterns and healthy diet scores with anxiety, depression, and their comorbidity among rural Chinese adults.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Dietetic Prescriptions in Bipolar Disorder: Nutritional Strategies to Support Mood Stability and Reduce Relapse Risk-A Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Anxiety and depression and its correlates among undergraduate medical students in Nepal: A cross-sectional study.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- The dual-sensitive period gut-brain crosstalk, neuroinflammation, and the biological roots of adolescent depression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Observational
- Plant-based diets especially healthy ones are negatively associated with depression: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Patterns of nutrients intake in relation to depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among Iranian university employees: a cross-sectional study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Association Between Diet and Emotional Symptoms in Early Childhood: Cross-Sectional Results from the Piccolipiù Cohort.Nutrients · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAdherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with fewer depressive symptoms, however, it is unknown whether this is attributed to some or to all components. We examined the association between the individual food groups of the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), in isolation and in combination, with depression and anxiety (symptom severity and diagnosis).
methodsData from 1634 adults were available from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Eleven energy-adjusted food groups were created from a 238-item food frequency questionnaire. In regression analysis, these were associated in isolation and combination with (1) depressive and anxiety disorders (established with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview) (current disorder n = 414), and (2) depression and anxiety severity [measured with the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (IDS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Fear Questionnaire (FEAR)].
resultsOverall, the MDS score shows the strongest relationships with depression/anxiety [Diagnosis: odds ratio (OR) 0.77 per SD, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.66-0.90, IDS: standardised betas (β) - 0.13, 95% CI - 0.18, - 0.08] and anxiety (BAI: β - 0.11, 95% CI - 0.16, - 0.06, FEAR: β - 0.08, 95% CI - 0.13, - 0.03). Greater consumption of non-refined grains and vegetables was associated with lower depression and anxiety severity, whilst being a non-drinker was associated with higher symptom severity. Higher fruit and vegetable intake was associated with lower fear severity. Non-refined grain consumption was associated with lower odds and being a non-drinker with greater odds of current depression/anxiety disorders compared to healthy controls, these associations persisted after adjustment for other food groups (OR 0.82 per SD, 95% CI 0.71-0.96, OR 1.26 per SD 95% CI 1.08-1.46).
conclusionWe can conclude that non-refined grains, vegetables and alcohol intake appeared to be the driving variables for the associated the total MDS score and depression/anxiety. However, the combined effect of the whole diet remains important for mental health. It should be explored whether an increase consumption of non-refined grains and vegetables may help to prevent or reduce depression and anxiety.
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