ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2019
Clostridium difficile infection: review.
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 427 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
427 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 673 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection based on hospital surveillance data: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Pooled it
- Biological Mechanisms of Polyphenols againstInfectious disorders drug targets · 2025Pooled it
- Sex-specific differences in salivary microbiota composition and their associations with metabolic health in adults with excess body weight: a secondary cross-sectional analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of precision bezlotoxumab treatment for Clostridioides difficile infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Trial
- Impact of Enterococcus faecium 129 BIO 3B-R on Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy side effects in adult patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Identification and Characterization of Patient Populations at High Risk for Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI): A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Selective PET imaging of bacterial infection using a glycosylatedNature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Development a novel in silico mRNA vaccine against Clostridium difficile.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Burden of Clostridioides difficile infection in China, 1990-2021: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Argyrin B exhibits potent therapeutic efficacy in a Clostridioides difficile-infection mouse model while preserving microbiota functionality.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Article
- Design and Synthesis of Phosphonoproline-Proline Bioisosteric Mimetics of Proline Dimers: Pseudopeptide Constructs as Potential Inhibitors of the Zn-Metalloprotease PPEP‑1 Associated withACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2026Article
- Lactobacillus strains in the prevention and disruption of antimicrobial-resistance in pathogenic microbial biofilms: a review of mechanisms and clinical perspective.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- A Portable Colorimetric Device for Rapid Bacterial Detection with Cleavable Functional Nucleic Acid Probes for A Common Bacterial Endoribonuclease.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Bacterial Infections: A Broad Review of the Field.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Analysis of gut microbiota in super donors for fecal microbiota transplantation and isolated gut commensal bacteria of inhibition against Clostridioides difficile.Intestinal research · 2026Article
- Novel endogenous protein-based strategies to inhibit clinically relevant bacterial AB-type toxins including pertussis toxin.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of COPAN FecalSwab and eSwab collection systems for the detection of CMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Far-UV circular dichroism datasets describing salt dependent secondary structure ofData in brief · 2026Article
367 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic bacillus, which is widely distributed in the intestinal tract of humans and animals and in the environment. In the last decade, the frequency and severity of C. difficile infection has been increasing worldwide to become one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Transmission of this pathogen occurs by the fecal-oral route and the most important risk factors include antibiotic therapy, old age, and hospital or nursing home stay. The clinical picture is diverse and ranges from asymptomatic carrier status, through various degrees of diarrhea, to the most severe, life threatening colitis resulting with death. Diagnosis is based on direct detection of C. difficile toxins in feces, most commonly with the use of EIA assay, but no single test is suitable as a stand-alone test confirming CDI. Antibiotics of choice are vancomycin, fidaxomicin, and metronidazole, though metronidazole is considered as inferior. The goal of this review is to update physicians on current scientific knowledge of C. difficile infection, focusing also on fecal microbiota transplantation which is a promising therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.