ArticleInflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]2019
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) controls cytokine release during respiratory syncytial virus infection in macrophages.
Article in Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.], 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Macrophage Plasticity: Phenotypic and Functional Profiles Across Pathological Microenvironments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): A Comprehensive Overview From Basic Biology to Clinical Prevention and Control.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Respiratory syncytial virus-induced SIGLEC1 upregulation inhibits macrophage autophagy and facilitates inflammatory mediator secretion.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Research progress on the mechanisms of mucus retention after mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- βNature communications · 2025Article
- Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF): a Janus-faced cytokine in viral pathogenesis and host defense.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Acupuncture's Immunomodulatory Effects on Macrophages in Allergic Disorders: A Systematic Review.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2025Review
- Transcriptome profiling of macrophages persistently infected with human respiratory syncytial virus and effect of recombinantFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (D-DT/MIF-2) in Infections: A Clinical Perspective.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Oxidative stress and ROS-mediated cellular events in RSV infection: potential protective roles of antioxidants.Virology journal · 2023Review
- Macrophages Orchestrate Airway Inflammation, Remodeling, and Resolution in Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Alveolar macrophages and airway hyperresponsiveness associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The multifaceted roles of NLRP3-modulating proteins in virus infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The Role of MIF and IL-10 as Molecular Yin-Yang in the Modulation of the Host Immune Microenvironment During Infections: African Trypanosome Infections as a Paradigm.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Immunopathology of RSV: An Updated Review.Viruses · 2021Review
- Evaluation of the relationship between macrophage migration inhibitory factor level and clinical course in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Journal of medical virology · 2021Article
- TNF-mediated alveolar macrophage necroptosis drives disease pathogenesis during respiratory syncytial virus infection.The European respiratory journal · 2021Article
- Exosomal MIF Derived From Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Promotes Metastasis by Repressing Ferroptosis of Macrophages.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Roles of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Dengue Pathogenesis: From Pathogenic Factor to Therapeutic Target.Microorganisms · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND
designRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major cause of infection in children up to 2 years old and reinfection is very common among patients. Tissue damage in the lung caused by RSV leads to an immune response and infected cells activate multiple signaling pathways and massive production of inflammatory mediators like macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of MIF during RSV infection in macrophages.
methodsWe evaluated MIF expression in BALB/c mice-derived macrophages stimulated with different concentrations of RSV by Western blot and real-time PCR. Additionally, different inhibitors of signaling pathways and ROS were used to evaluate their importance for MIF expression. Furthermore, we used a specific MIF inhibitor, ISO-1, to evaluate the role of MIF in viral clearance and in RSV-induced TNF-α, MCP-1 and IL-10 release from macrophages.
resultsWe showed that RSV induces MIF expression dependently of ROS, 5-LOX, COX and PI3K activation. Moreover, viral replication is necessary for RSV-triggered MIF expression. Differently, p38 MAPK in only partially needed for RSV-induced MIF expression. In addition, MIF is important for the release of TNF-α, MCP-1 and IL-10 triggered by RSV in macrophages.
conclusionsIn conclusion, we demonstrate that MIF is expressed during RSV infection and controls the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines from macrophages in an in vitro model.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.