ArticlemSystems
Genome and Functional Characterization of Colonization Factor Antigen I- and CS6-Encoding Heat-Stable Enterotoxin-Only Enterotoxigenic
Article in mSystems. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Refinement of the CS6-expressing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain B7A human challenge model: A randomized trial.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Emerging and Underdetected Colonization Factors in EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- One Health Perspective on the EnterotoxigenicMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- Characterization of the role of putativeJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
- ETEC biofilms are regulated by magnesium and lactate bioavailability.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- An Atypical Kappa-Class Chaperone-Usher Fimbriae of a Human Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain Shows Multi-Host Adherence and Distinct Phylogenetic Feature.Microbiology and immunology · 2025Article
- Construction of the ETECFinder database for the characterization of enterotoxigenicJournal of clinical microbiology · 2024Article
- Production of a new tetravalent vaccine targeting fimbriae and enterotoxin of enterotoxigenicCanadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire · 2024Article
- Role of cellular effectors in the induction and maintenance of IgA responses leading to protective immunity against enteric bacterial pathogens.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The role of the minor colonization factor CS14 in adherence to intestinal cell models by geographically diverse ETEC isolates.mSphere · 2023Article
- Molecular and Genomic Analysis of the Virulence Factors and Potential Transmission of Hybrid Enteropathogenic and EnterotoxigenicInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genomic diversity of non-diarrheagenic fecal Escherichia coli from children in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia and their relatedness to diarrheagenic E. coli.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Genomics and pathotypes of the many faces of Escherichia coli.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Article
- Article
- Analysis of Growth Phases of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Reveals a Distinct Transition Phase before Entry into Early Stationary Phase with Shifts in Tryptophan, Fucose, and Putrescine Metabolism and Degradation of Neurotransmitter Precursors.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- The role of CFA/I in adherence and toxin delivery by ETEC expressing multiple colonization factors in the human enteroid model.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Sequence variations in the ETEC CS6 operon affect transcript and protein expression.Virulence · 2021Article
- Review
- Long-read-sequenced reference genomes of the seven major lineages of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) circulating in modern time.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a significant cause of childhood diarrhea and is a leading cause of traveler's diarrhea. ETEC strains encoding the heat-stable enterotoxin (ST) are more often associated with childhood diarrhea than ETEC strains that encode only the heat-labile enterotoxin (LT). Colonization factors (CFs) also have a demonstrated role in ETEC virulence, and two of the most prevalent CFs among ETEC that have caused diarrhea are colonization factor antigen I (CFA/I) and CS6. In the current report, we describe the genomes of 269 CS6- or CFA/I-encoding ST-only ETEC isolates that were associated with human diarrhea. While the CS6 and CFA/I ETEC were identified in at least 13 different ETEC genomic lineages, a majority (85%; 229/269) were identified in only six lineages. Complete genome sequencing of selected isolates demonstrated that a conserved plasmid contributed to the dissemination of CFA/I whereas at least five distinct plasmids were involved in the dissemination of ST and/or CS6. Additionally, there were differences in gene content between CFA/I and CS6 ETEC at the phylogroup and lineage levels and in association with their geographic location of isolation as well as lineage-related differences in ST production. Thus, we demonstrate that genomically diverse E. coli strains have acquired ST, as well as CFA/I or CS6, via one or more plasmids and that, in some cases, isolates of a particular lineage or geographic location have undergone additional modifications to their genome content. These findings will aid investigations of virulence and the development of improved diagnostics and vaccines against this important human diarrheal pathogen.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.