Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30944223›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019

Cone photoreceptor classification in the living human eye from photostimulation-induced phase dynamics.

Furu Zhang, Kazuhiro Kurokawa, Ayoub Lassoued, James A Crowell, Donald T Miller

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
116citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

116 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Subretinal Aspects of the Optoretinographic Response.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. ƒ(Cell): Software for Reproducible Analysis of Optoretinograms.Translational vision science & technology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Subretinal aspects of the optoretinographic response.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  20. Article

56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Furu ZhangSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 furzhang@iu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1597-8824
Kazuhiro KurokawaSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.
Ayoub LassouedSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.
James A CrowellSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.
Donald T MillerSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.
Indiana University Bloomington · US

Funding

Vision Research CoreP30EY001730 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MAUREEN E NEITZ · 1985 to 2026
$23.5M
Optical Imaging of the Photoreceptor-RPE ComplexR01EY018339 · NEI · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI MILLER, DONALD T · 2007 to 2025
$7.7M
Core Support for Vision Research at Indiana UniversityP30EY019008 · NEI · TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY · PI BURNS, STEPHEN A · 2009 to 2013
$2.1M
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY001730NEI NIH HHS P30 EY019008NEI NIH HHS R01 EY018339
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human color vision is achieved by mixing neural signals from cone photoreceptors sensitive to different wavelengths of light. The spatial arrangement and proportion of these spectral types in the retina set fundamental limits on color perception, and abnormal or missing types are responsible for color vision loss. Imaging provides the most direct and quantitative means to study these photoreceptor properties at the cellular scale in the living human retina, but remains challenging. Current methods rely on retinal densitometry to distinguish cone types, a prohibitively slow process. Here, we show that photostimulation-induced optical phase changes occur in cone cells and carry substantial information about spectral type, enabling cones to be differentiated with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. Moreover, these phase dynamics arise from physiological activity occurring on dramatically different timescales (from milliseconds to seconds) inside the cone outer segment, thus exposing the phototransduction cascade and subsequent downstream effects. We captured these dynamics in cones of subjects with normal color vision and a deuteranope, and at different macular locations by: (

Indexed as

AdultColor VisionHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMaleMiddle AgedPhotic StimulationRetinaRetinal Cone Photoreceptor CellsTomography, Optical CoherenceYoung Adultadaptive opticscolor visioncone classificationoptical coherence tomographyretina

Identifiers

PMID30944223
PMCPMC6475411
OpenAlexW2935260107

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.