ArticleBreast cancer research : BCR2019
Body mass index, mammographic density, and breast cancer risk by estrogen receptor subtype.
Article in Breast cancer research : BCR, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association of physical weight statuses defined by body mass index (BMI) with molecular subtypes of premenopausal breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Metformin on Breast Density in Overweight/Obese Premenopausal Women.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2021Trial
- Tumor Characteristics and Event Free Survival in Older and Younger Women with Early Breast Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Obesity and breast density enhance immune exclusion in the primary tumor microenvironment and promote breast cancer metastasis.Oncogene · 2026Article
- The global, regional, and national disease burden of breast cancer attributable to behavioral risks from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2035: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Article
- Mammographic density and breast cancer pathological subtypes by menopausal status and body mass index.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Mammographic features differ with body composition in women with breast cancer.European radiology · 2025Article
- Adiposity throughout Adulthood and Risk of Young-Onset Breast Cancer Tumor Subtypes in the Young Women's Health History Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Association between Inflammatory Dietary Pattern and Mammographic Features.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- An analysis of the association between breast density and body mass index with breast cancer molecular subtypes in early breast cancer: data from a Spanish population.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Article
- Adiposity, Body Composition Measures, and Breast Cancer Risk in Korean Premenopausal Women.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Deep learning modeling using mammography images for predicting estrogen receptor status in breast cancer.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Impact of BMI on Prevalence of Dense Breasts by Race and Ethnicity.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Trajectories of body mass index in adulthood and risk of subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2023Article
- Personalized Breast Cancer Screening: A Risk Prediction Model Based on Women Attending BreastScreen Norway.Cancers · 2023Article
- Updates on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: From Risk Factors to Diagnosis, Biomarkers and Therapy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Body mass index and patient-reported function, quality of life and treatment toxicity in women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Body mass index, breast density, and the risk of breast cancer development in relation to the menopausal status; results from a population-based screening program in a native African-Arab country.Acta radiologica open · 2022Article
- Association of the Interaction Between Mammographic Breast Density, Body Mass Index, and Menopausal Status With Breast Cancer Risk Among Korean Women.JAMA network open · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity and elevated breast density are common risk factors for breast cancer, and their effects may vary by estrogen receptor (ER) subtype. However, their joint effects on ER subtype-specific risk are unknown. Understanding this relationship could enhance risk stratification for screening and prevention. Thus, we assessed the association between breast density and ER subtype according to body mass index (BMI) and menopausal status.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study nested within two mammography screening cohorts, the Mayo Mammography Health Study and the San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer SPORE/San Francisco Mammography Registry. Our pooled analysis contained 1538 ER-positive and 285 ER-negative invasive breast cancer cases and 4720 controls matched on age, menopausal status at time of mammogram, and year of mammogram. Percent density was measured on digitized film mammograms using computer-assisted techniques. We used polytomous logistic regression to evaluate the association between percent density and ER subtype by BMI subgroup (normal/underweight, < 25 kg/m
resultsPercent density was associated with increased risk of overall breast cancer regardless of menopausal status or BMI. However, when analyzing breast cancer across ER subtype, we found a statistically significant (p = 0.008) interaction between percent density and BMI in premenopausal women only. Specifically, elevated percent density was associated with a higher risk of ER-negative than ER-positive cancer in overweight/obese premenopausal women [OR per standard deviation increment 2.17 (95% CI 1.50-3.16) vs 1.33 (95% CI 1.11-1.61) respectively, P
conclusionsThe combination of overweight/obesity and elevated breast density in premenopausal women is associated with a higher risk of ER-negative compared with ER-positive cancer. Eighteen percent of premenopausal women in the USA have elevated BMI and breast density and may benefit from lifestyle modifications involving weight loss and exercise.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.