ArticlePloS one2019
Rhodnius prolixus: Identification of missing components of the IMD immune signaling pathway and functional characterization of its role in eliminating bacteria.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insect immune systems: same same but different but still same.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut bacteria induce heterologous immune priming in Rhodnius prolixus encompassing both humoral and cellular immune responses.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Functionality of highly diverged Imd like genes identified in stinkbugs and bedbugs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- BPP: a platform for automatic biochemical pathway prediction.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Article
- A novel prolixicin identified in common bed bugs with activity against both bacteria and parasites.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Immune Gene Repertoire of Soft Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae).International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Immune Reactions of Vector Insects to Parasites and Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Immune signaling pathways inFrontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Absence of microbiome triggers extensive changes in the transcriptional profile of Hermetia illucens during larval ontology.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Malpighian tubules ofFrontiers in insect science · 2023Review
- Global characterization of gene expression in the brain of starved immature Rhodnius prolixus.PloS one · 2023Article
- A new antimicrobial peptide, Pentatomicin, from the stinkbug Plautia stali.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Characterization of New Defensin Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Expression in Bed Bugs in Response to Bacterial Ingestion and Injection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The immune deficiency and c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathways drive the functional integration of the immune and circulatory systems of mosquitoes.Open biology · 2022Article
- Article
- A fat body transcriptome analysis of the immune responses of Rhodnius prolixus to artificial infections with bacteria.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- The IMD and Toll canonical immune pathways of Triatoma pallidipennis are preferentially activated by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively, but cross-activation also occurs.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Article
- Influence ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Characterization and functional analysis of a Relish gene from the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée).Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The innate immune system in insects is regulated by specific signalling pathways. Most immune related pathways were identified and characterized in holometabolous insects such as Drosophila melanogaster, and it was assumed they would be highly conserved in all insects. The hemimetabolous insect, Rhodnius prolixus, has served as a model to study basic insect physiology, but also is a major vector of the human parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, that causes 10,000 deaths annually. The publication of the R. prolixus genome revealed that one of the main immune pathways, the Immune-deficiency pathway (IMD), was incomplete and probably non-functional, an observation shared with other hemimetabolous insects including the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and the bedbug (Cimex lectularius). It was proposed that the IMD pathway is inactive in R. prolixus as an adaptation to prevent eliminating beneficial symbiont gut bacteria. We used bioinformatic analyses based on reciprocal BLAST and HMM-profile searches to find orthologs for most of the "missing" elements of the IMD pathway and provide data that these are regulated in response to infection with Gram-negative bacteria. We used RNAi strategies to demonstrate the role of the IMD pathway in regulating the expression of specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the fat body of R. prolixus. The data indicate that the IMD pathway is present and active in R. prolixus, which opens up new avenues of research on R. prolixus-T. cruzi interactions.
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