ArticleMolecular medicine reports2019
Ginsenoside Rg5 induces apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cells through the phosphoinositide‑3 kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway.
Article in Molecular medicine reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The rise of dehydrated ginsenosides: phytochemistry and pharmacology.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Bioactive Constituents of Ginseng in Cancer Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms, Translational Potential, and Advanced Delivery Strategies.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Sustainable Production of Ginsenosides: Advances in Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Ginsenoside Rg5 as an anticancer drug: a comprehensive review on mechanisms, structure-activity relationship, and prospects for clinical advancement.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Review
- Bioactive PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR Inhibitors in Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2023Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in heart diseases: Potential therapeutic effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- Efficacy and safety evaluation of black ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mey.) extract (CJ EnerG): broad spectrum cytotoxic activity in human cancer cell lines and 28-day repeated oral toxicity study in Sprague-Dawley rats.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Article
- The promising therapeutic potentials of ginsenosides mediated through p38 MAPK signaling inhibition.Heliyon · 2021Review
- Pharmacological activities of ginsenoside Rg5 (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Review
- The Anti-Tumor Effect and Underlying Apoptotic Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rk1 and Rg5 in Human Liver Cancer Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review of ginsenosides targeting mitochondrial function to treat multiple disorders: Current status and perspectives.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Review
- Ginsenoside Rg5 Inhibits Human Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Induces Cell Apoptosis through PI3K/Akt/mTORC1-Related LC3 Autophagy Pathway.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Study on the Selection of the Targets of Esophageal Carcinoma and Interventions of Ginsenosides Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Literature Review.Integrative cancer therapiesReview
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of ginsenoside in the prevention of cancer has been well established. Ginsenoside Rg5 is one of the main components isolated from red ginseng, which has been demonstrated to have anti‑tumor effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and causing DNA damage. However, the role of ginsenoside Rg5 and its molecular mechanisms remain unclear in human esophageal cancer. In the present study, Rg5 was investigated as a novel drug for the chemotherapy of esophageal cancer in in vitro experiments. Esophageal cancer Eca109 cells were exposed to various concentrations of ginsenoside Rg5 (0‑32 µΜ) for 24 h. Subsequent cell proliferation assays demonstrated that treatment with ginsenoside Rg5 resulted in the dose‑dependent inhibition of proliferation, while a significant increase in apoptotic rate and increased activities of caspase‑3, ‑8 and ‑9 were observed. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased and the cytoplasmic free calcium level increased following treatment with ginsenoside Rg5. Furthermore, the expression of B‑cell lymphoma 2 and phosphorylated‑protein kinase B (p‑Akt) decreased. The specific phosphoinositide‑3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 promoted this effect, while insulin‑like growth factor‑1, a specific PI3K activator, inhibited this action. Taken together, the results suggested that ginsenoside Rg5 may have a tumor‑suppressive effect on esophageal cancer by promoting apoptosis and may be associated with the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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