Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30941931›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2019

A comparison of contrast transthoracic echocardiography and contrast transcranial Doppler in cryptogenic stroke patients with patent foramen ovale.

Jie Chen, Luyun Chen, Wangwang Hu, Xianda Ni, Zengrui Zhang, Xiaowen Feng, Zijian Fan, Cuiping Chen, Fengzhen Qiu, Bei Shao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. SCORE risk scale as a prognostic factor after sudden sensorineural hearing loss.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2020
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jie ChenDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Luyun ChenDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Wangwang HuDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xianda NiDepartment of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zengrui ZhangDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Xiaowen FengDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Zijian FanDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Cuiping ChenDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Fengzhen QiuDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Bei ShaoDepartment of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0304-3052

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIn recent years, increasing attention has been paid to cryptogenic stroke (CS) caused by the patent foramen ovale (PFO). This study aims to compare contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) and contrast transcranial Doppler (cTCD) to determine whether cTTE is more suitable and reliable than cTCD for clinical use.

methodsFrom March 2017 to May 2018, patients who suffered from migraines, stroke, hypomnesis, or asymptomatic stroke found casually were included in our study. Patients with CS were semirandomly divided into two groups (cTTE and cTCD) according to the date of the outpatient visit. Patients with either of the examination above found positive were selected to finish transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

resultsIn our study, the sensitivities of group cTTE positive (group cTTE+) and group cTCD positive (group cTCD+) did not have any statistical difference (89% vs. 80%, p = 0.236). Focusing on group cTCD+, we discovered that the semiquantitative shunt grading was not correlated with whether a PFO was present or not (p = 0.194). However, once the PFO has been diagnosed, the shunt grading was shown to be related to the width of the gaps (p = 0.032, p

conclusionBoth cTTE and the cTCD can be used for preliminary PFO findings. The semiquantitative shunt grading of cTCD and cTTE can suggest the size of the PFO and the next course of treatment. The cTTE may be more significant to a safe PFO (a PFO does not have right-to-left shunts, RLSs). Combining cTTE and TEE could help diagnose PFO and assess CS risk.

Indexed as

Foramen Ovale, PatentStrokeAdultAsymptomatic DiseasesContrast MediaCorrelation of DataEchocardiographyFemaleHumansImage EnhancementMaleMiddle AgedMigraine DisordersPatient SelectionUltrasonography, Doppler, TranscranialContrast Mediacontrast transcranial Dopplercontrast transthoracic echocardiographycryptogenic strokepatent foramen ovaletransesophageal echocardiography

Identifiers

PMID30941931
PMCPMC6520470

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.