Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30941915›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2019

Concomitant medication use and clinical outcome of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) treatment of Major Depressive Disorder.

Aimee M Hunter, Michael J Minzenberg, Ian A Cook, David E Krantz, Jennifer G Levitt, Natalie M Rotstein, Shweta A Chawla, Andrew F Leuchter

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 57 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02990793 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

A Prospective, Double Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Clinical Trial to Evaluate The Safety And Efficacy Of Biometrics-Guided Magnetic EEG Resonance Therapy (MeRT) Treatment Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorWave NeuroscienceRan2022 to 2025Enrolled158ConditionsPostTraumatic Stress Disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, Postconcussive SymptomsArmsActive MeRT Treatment, Sham MeRT Treatment
NCT06081309 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Electroencephalogram (EEG) Personalized Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (eTMS) for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorWave NeuroscienceRan2023 to 2024Enrolled30ConditionsStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticArmsEEG-based personalized TMS
NCT06892028 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Electroencephalogram (EEG) Personalized Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (eTMS) for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

TypeinterventionalSponsorWave NeuroscienceRan2025 to 2026Enrolled110ConditionsStress Disorder, Post TraumaticArmsEEG-based personalized TMS, Sham Comparator
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Accelerated sequential bilateral theta-burst stimulation in major depression: an open trial.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024
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  9. Distinct trajectories of response to prefrontal tDCS in major depression: results from a 3-arm randomized controlled trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Aimee M HunterDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Michael J MinzenbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.ORCID 0000-0002-9167-9738
Ian A CookDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
David E KrantzDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Jennifer G LevittDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Natalie M RotsteinLaboratory of Brain, Behavior, and Pharmacology and the TMS Clinical and Research Program, Neuromodulation Division, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Shweta A ChawlaLaboratory of Brain, Behavior, and Pharmacology and the TMS Clinical and Research Program, Neuromodulation Division, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Andrew F LeuchterDepartment of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
University of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRepetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is commonly administered to Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients taking psychotropic medications, yet the effects on treatment outcomes remain unknown. We explored how concomitant medication use relates to clinical response to a standard course of rTMS.

methodsMedications were tabulated for 181 MDD patients who underwent a six-week rTMS treatment course. All patients received 10 Hz rTMS administered to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), with 1 Hz administered to right DLPFC in patients with inadequate response to and/or intolerance of left-sided stimulation. Primary outcomes were change in Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report (IDS-SR30) total score after 2, 4, and 6 weeks.

resultsUse of benzodiazepines was associated with less improvement at week 2, whereas use of psychostimulants was associated with greater improvement at week 2 and across 6 weeks. These effects were significant controlling for baseline variables including age, overall symptom severity, and severity of anxiety symptoms. Response rates at week 6 were lower in benzodiazepine users versus non-users (16.4% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.008), and higher in psychostimulant users versus non-users (39.2% vs. 22.0%, p = 0.02).

conclusionsConcomitant medication use may impact rTMS treatment outcome. While the differences reported here could be considered clinically significant, results were not corrected for multiple comparisons and findings should be replicated before clinicians incorporate the evidence into clinical practice. Prospective, hypothesis-based treatment studies will aid in determining causal relationships between medication treatments and outcome.

Indexed as

Major Depressive DisorderPrefrontal CortexPsychotropic DrugsAdultCombined Modality TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRetrospective StudiesSelf ReportTranscranial Direct Current StimulationTreatment OutcomePsychotropic Drugsadrenergicbenzodiazepinesgamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)Major Depressive Disorderpsychostimulantsrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)treatment outcome

Identifiers

PMID30941915
PMCPMC6520297
OpenAlexW2931958068

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.