Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30941712›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2019

Analysis of insecticide exposure in California hummingbirds using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Emily E Graves, Karen A Jelks, Janet E Foley, Michael S Filigenzi, Robert H Poppenga, Holly B Ernest, Richard Melnicoe, Lisa A Tell

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Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Emily E GravesDepartment of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Karen A JelksDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Janet E FoleyDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Michael S FiligenziCalifornia Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Robert H PoppengaCalifornia Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Holly B ErnestDepartment of Veterinary Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82070, USA.
Richard MelnicoeWestern Integrated Pest Management Center, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.
Lisa A TellDepartment of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. latell@ucdavis.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

External feather rinses and homogenized whole-carcass tissue matrix from two hummingbird species found in California (Calypte anna and Archilochus alexandri) were analyzed for the presence of nine insecticides commonly used in urban settings. Using a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analytical method, samples were quantitatively tested for the following neonicotinoids: dinotefuran, nitenpyram, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, and sulfoxaflor. This analytical method was also used to qualitatively screen for the presence of approximately 150 other pesticides, drugs, and natural products. Feather rinsates from both hummingbird species had detectable concentrations of carbamate and neonicotinoid classes of insecticides. Combined results of the rinsate and homogenized samples (n = 64 individual hummingbirds) showed that 44 individuals (68.75%) were positive for one to four target compounds. This study documented that hummingbirds found in California are exposed to insecticides. Furthermore, feather rinsates and carcass homogenates are matrices that can be used for assessing pesticide exposure in small bird species. The small body size of hummingbirds limits traditional sampling methods for tissues and whole blood to evaluate for pesticide exposure. Thus, utilization of this analytical method may facilitate future research on small-sized avian species, provide insight into pesticide exposure, and ultimately lead to improved conservation of hummingbirds.

Indexed as

AnimalsBirdsCaliforniaChromatography, LiquidFeathersGuanidinesInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsNitro CompoundsPyridinesSulfur CompoundsTandem Mass SpectrometryThiamethoxamThiazinesThiazolesacetamipridclothianidindinotefuranGuanidinesimidaclopridInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsnitenpyramNitro CompoundsPyridinessulfoxaflorSulfur CompoundsthiaclopridThiamethoxamThiazinesThiazolesBirdsHummingbirdsInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsNon-target speciesPesticidesUrban

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.