ArticlePloS one2019
Folate/homocysteine metabolism and lung cancer risk among smokers.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Folate Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis of Epidemiological Studies.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Serum Folate Levels and Lung Cancer Risk: A Meta- Epidemiological Study of Population-based Case-Control Studies.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Pooled it
- Beyond the Scan: Adapting Multimodal Lung Cancer Screening for Central and Eastern Europe-Overcoming Systemic Barriers and Epidemiological Confounders.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Erythrocyte Folate and Homocysteine in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Is folic acid associated with lung cancer development? A cross-sectional study in NHANES.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Selected Non-Nutritive Bioactive Compounds and Their Role in Optimal Nutrition.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Folate-Dependent One-Carbon Metabolism in Cancer and Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The Significance of Genetically Determined Methylation and Folate Metabolism Disorders in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease: A Target for New Therapies?International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Folic acid: friend or foe in cancer therapy.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Review
- Spatial Transcriptomics Resolve an Emphysema-Specific Lymphoid Follicle B Cell Signature in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Hidden Dangers and Molecular Mechanisms of Excess Folate: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Article
- Prognostic and Immune Infiltration Value of Proteasome Assembly Chaperone (PSMG) Family Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma.International journal of medical sciences · 2023Article
- Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.European journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Maternal polymorphic loci of rs1979277International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2021Article
- The Concept of Folic Acid in Health and Disease.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Gene Polymorphisms Involved in Folate Metabolism and DNA Methylation with the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFolate and homocysteine are involved in DNA synthesis and methylation processes, which are deregulated during carcinogenesis.
objectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship between folate/homocysteine concentrations, the functional polymorphisms of folate/homocysteine genes and lung cancer risk among cigarette smokers. STUDY
designThe study included 132 lung cancer patients and 396 controls from northern Poland, matched by sex, age and smoking status. The median cigarette pack-years of smoking among both cases and controls was 30.0. Serum, red blood cell (RBC) folates and serum homocysteine concentrations were measured. The genotypes in selected polymorphic sites of the MTHFR, CBS, SHMT1, MTHFD1, MTRR, MTR, TYMS DHFR, TCN2, and SLC19A1 genes were determined. All study participants underwent scanning with low-dose computed tomography.
resultsSerum folate concentrations above the median (> 17.5 nmol/l among the healthy controls) were associated with an increased lung cancer risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.54, 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.04-2.29, P = 0.031). An analogous trend was observed when the population was analysed after subdivision according to RBC folate concentrations, that is, above a value of 506.5 nmol/l (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 0.95-2.47; P = 0.084). Additionally, in a subset of women, an increased risk of lung cancer development was associated with the SLC19A1 c.80AA genotype (c.80AA versus GG OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 1.32-7.46; P = P = 0.010).
conclusionThese results suggest that, in the population consisting of heavy smokers, high folate levels add to the cancerogenic effect of smoking.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.