ArticleInflammation2019
Tizoxanide Inhibits Inflammation in LPS-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages via the Suppression of NF-κB and MAPK Activation.
Article in Inflammation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Nitazoxanide on the Clinical Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Pooled it
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- Neutrophilic granule protein promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS/NO expression via JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway and augments bacteria clearance of macrophages.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Mechanism of Stearic Acid Extract From Purslane.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Type I Cystatin Derived fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
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- The Effect of the Mixed Extract ofCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Nitazoxanide and COVID-19: A review.Molecular biology reports · 2022Review
- Neobavaisoflavone ameliorates LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammations by suppressing the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- A determination of pan-pathogen antimicrobials?Medicine in drug discovery · 2022Review
- Impact of the Plastein Reaction of Casein Hydrolysates in the Presence of Exogenous Amino Acids on Their Anti-Inflammatory Effect in the Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Effects of Formyl Peptide Receptor Agonists AcCells · 2022Article
- Nitazoxanide in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
- (E)-9-Octadecenoic Acid Ethyl Ester Derived from Lotus Seedpod Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating MAPKs and NF-Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Tat-thioredoxin 1 reduces inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and modulating MAPK signaling.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Nifuroxazide Mitigates Angiogenesis in Ehlrich's Solid Carcinoma: Molecular Docking, Bioinformatic and Experimental Studies on Inhibition of Il-6/Jak2/Stat3 Signaling.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- A review on possible mechanistic insights of Nitazoxanide for repurposing in COVID-19.European journal of pharmacology · 2021Review
- Drug repurposing and cytokine management in response to COVID-19: A review.International immunopharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tizoxanide is the main active metabolite of nitazoxanide. Nitazoxanide and tizoxanide have a broad-spectrum anti-infective effect, including parasites, bacteria, and virus. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of tizoxanide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and revealed underlying molecular mechanisms. The results showed that tizoxanide significantly suppressed production of NO as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the levels of gene expression of these cytokines were inhibited significantly by tizoxanide that was discovered using RT-PCR. The increased protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, heme oxygenase-1, and cyclooxygenase-2 by LPS in the cells were also reduced by tizoxanide. Moreover, we found that tizoxanide inhibited the phosphorylation of IKK-α and degradation of IκB by LPS in macrophage cells. The increased protein levels of p65 induced by LPS in the cytoplasm and nucleus were both decreased by tizoxanide, and the nuclear translocation of p65 was also restrained in cell imaging. In addition, tizoxanide considerably also inhibited LPS-activated JNK, p38, and ERK phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, our results suggested that tizoxanide exerts anti-inflammatory effects, by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing of the activation of the NF-κB and the MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-treated macrophage cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.