ArticleHealth education research2019
Do graphic health warning labels on cigarette packages deter purchases at point-of-sale? An experiment with adult smokers.
Article in Health education research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effectiveness of graphic health warnings on tobacco products: a systematic review on perceived harm and quit intentions.BMC public health · 2021Pooled it
- Branded packaging raises likelihood of cigarette purchasing in an experimental retail setting by increasing craving.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Trial
- Removing Price Discounts From the Tobacco Retail Environment: Effects on College Students' Risk of Using Smokeless Tobacco, Little Cigars, and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Trial
- Does removing menthol cigarettes in convenience stores reduce susceptibility to cigarette smoking? An experimental investigation in young people.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Restricting Tobacco Poster Advertising Space at Retail Point of Sale Reduces Some Young Adults' Susceptibility to Future Cigarette Smoking.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Impact of FDA-approved graphic front-of-package health warnings on attention, package choice, and quit intentions.American journal of health behavior · 2026Article
- Evolution of tobacco pack health warning labels in India- a timely consensus.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The benefits and dangers of anthropomorphic conversational agents.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- How does removing menthol tobacco product displays at point-of-sale affect adolescents' cigarette smoking intentions? The mediating effects of social norms.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- Measuring susceptibility to use tobacco in an increasingly complex consumer marketplace: How many questions do we really need?Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Doing more with less: A proposal to advance cigarette packaging regulations in the United States.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Article
- Youths' awareness and attitudes towards raising the minimum legal age of smoking and passive smoking in Singapore.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Perceived message effectiveness of cigar warning themes among adults in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Be Happy: Navigating Normative Issues in Behavioral and Well-Being Public Policy.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2022Article
- Lifestyle medicine: A positive approach to stemming the tide of non-communicable diseases in South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2021Article
- Tool to assess appeal-aversion response to graphic warning labels on cigarette packs among US smokers.Tobacco control · 2021Article
- Knowledge, behaviour, and policy: questioning the epistemic presuppositions of applying behavioural science in public policymaking.Synthese · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
This experiment tested whether the presence of graphic health warning labels on cigarette packages deterred adult smokers from purchasing cigarettes at retail point-of-sale (POS), and whether individual difference variables moderated this relationship. The study was conducted in the RAND StoreLab (RSL), a life-sized replica of a convenience store that was developed to evaluate how changing POS tobacco advertising influences tobacco use outcomes during simulated shopping experiences. Adult smokers (n = 294; 65% female; 59% African-American; 35% White) were assigned randomly to shop in the RSL under one of two experimental conditions: graphic health warning labels present on cigarette packages versus absent on cigarette packages. Cigarette packages in both conditions were displayed on a tobacco power wall, which was located behind the RSL cashier counter. Results revealed that the presence of graphic health warning labels did not influence participants' purchase of cigarettes as a main effect. However, nicotine dependence acted as a significant moderator of experimental condition. Graphic health warning labels reduced the chances of cigarette purchases for smokers lower in nicotine dependence but had no effect on smokers higher in dependence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.